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History of Chinese in Malaysia


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#31 FullofJoy

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Posted 26 December 2005 - 08:18 PM

Malaysian Cantonese

This is for those who are interested in learning more about the origin of certain words.

It may shock certain people that certain words they have been using since childhood are actually not cantonese words.

Hokkien words:
------------------

1. "Ka Ki" - should be "Ji Kei" for "ownself" as in "ngo ji kei"

2. "diam" - silent, it should be "on jing".

3. "pai" - number of times, it should be "chi"
Malay word
--------------

1. "Sinang" - twisted version of "Senang" - should be "Yung Yi"

2. "Lui" - chinese version of "Duit" for money - should be "Chin"

3. "Sama" - mispronounciation of "Semua" for all - should be "Chuin Pou"

4. "Pasak" - chinese version of malay word "pasar" for market.
The proper cantonese word for market is "Si Chap", night market is "Yeh Si".

5. "Mata" - old version of malay word "Mata- mata" for police. Should be "Chai Yan" or "King Chak".

English
-------

Nowadays, those malay educated chinese use a lot of english words (as high as 70%) because their command of the chinese language is poor.



Yea.... and I guess that is whenever we go HONG KONG..... even though we look alike..the moment we speak cantonese we would know that we are not Hong Kee is either we are from Malaysia or Singapore.... and is so furnnee..so word have totaly diff meaning in two Diff country eg. Malaysian use the word "Ta Pou" meaning we would like to take away our food but in Hong Kong "Ta Pau" means death.... well tat was wat the tour guide told me... :lol:

#32 Eliezer

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Posted 28 December 2005 - 06:55 AM

You are right. Chinese came mostly as tin miners. The British imported them mostly from southern China. Thus, there are many Cantonese, Hokkien, Hakka, Teowchew, Foochow and several other groups. Yap Ah Loy was the famous Chinese Captain (Kapitan Cina) in Kuala Lumpur during the 19th century. And several mining cities during that time included Kuala Lumpur, Taiping and Ipoh. You can read more about him here
The Chinese community continue to grow through the years as more were brought in as work force in the tin mines. Just as the Indians were brought in to work in rubber plantations. Eventually, there were groups of different races occupying certain areas. The Chinese were predominantly involved in businessses and settled mostly in the urban areas, while the Malays were mostly villagers and the Indians in the plantations, some as lawyers and government clerks. For many years there was barely any interaction between these races. It was also the British "divide and conquer" tactic. Only when the different races learn to work together was independence possible. Hence, today, Malaysia is a country made up of different races with different religions and cultures.


Having lived as an expatriate in Malaysia for 3 years I learned a little bit of the history

1. First Chinese settlements was in Malacca around 800 years ago. The Men married the local Malay women and formed the "baba" chinese community or "straits Chinese" I believe Lee Kuan Yews mother was part Baba. A number of Malay ministers in UMNO including Ghafa Baba, Musa Hitam and Abdullah Badawi have chinese ancestry.

2. Indians have a long history in malaysia. They arrived as traders hundreds of years ago. The Chetty community in Malacca is almost as old as the Babas. Chetties also setup businesses in Kuala Lumpur along with Indian muslims. Did you know both Mahathir Mohammed and Anwar Inrahim are descended from Indian muslims! Mahathir's father was named Ali-Kutty a typical south indian muslim name.

3. While Indians were bought in as labourers, a large number of Ceylonese came as professionals

Edited by Eliezer, 28 December 2005 - 06:58 AM.


#33 HaSY

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Posted 28 December 2005 - 12:01 PM

That's not entirely true. Foochow is widely spoken in towns like Sibu, Sarikei, Bintulu, Bintangor. Though Foochow remains tiny ethnic among Malaysian Chinese. Also, MingNan (Amoy, Hokkien) is widely spoken in these places as well.

The Chinese in Kuching & Samarahan speaks Hakka while those in Miri speaks Teochew, and maybe some Hainan and Foochow.

Well....I mean the Sabahans....They spoke Cantonese,Hakka and Hokkien(not many) too......
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#34 LYY

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Posted 28 December 2005 - 09:01 PM

1. First Chinese settlements was in Malacca around 800 years ago. The Men married the local Malay women and formed the "baba" chinese community or "straits Chinese"

MCA is a "Baba" club at the time of her birth 50 years ago.


I believe Lee Kuan Yews mother was part Baba.


He is very different from the Malaysian Baba.
Lee is not a typical Chinese either.

A number of Malay ministers in UMNO including Ghafa Baba, Musa Hitam and Abdullah Badawi have chinese ancestry.

This worry Dr M.
If intermarriage is allowed between races without having to be converted to Islam during Independence in 1957, a new Malaysian will emerge, dominating all sectors of Malaysian life.




Well....I mean the Sabahans....They spoke Cantonese,Hakka and Hokkien(not many) too......


Yes, most Sabahan speak Hakka (and Cantonese because it is quite similar in a way).
Dr Pairin speaks Hakka too by the way.

#35 Sung

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Posted 29 December 2005 - 07:27 AM

Rehashed some of my notes for those who want

A quick glance on Chinese migration to Malaysia

There were historical evidences to show that Chinese have already been visiting the Malay peninsular long before Zheng He’s visit though they were probably just passing through. Chinese migration of any significance started during the Malaccan sultanate era. Malacca was founded circa 1400 and became an important entrepot in a relatively short time.

Zheng He came in 1405 (some put the date 2-3 years later) but I don’t think many of his men stayed behind in Malacca. A small group was probably left there to look after China’s interest and a handful may have opt to stay on. Number of Chinese visitors grew along with the trade and the traders often have to stay a few months in Malacca to wait for a change in wind directions, cargo, etc but I do not think there was any sort of significant migration movement yet.

The first group of Chinese probably came with the mysterious Princess Hang Li Po who was offered as a bride (according to the Malay Annals) to Sultan Mansur Shah who reigned 1456–1477. Zheng He died in 1433, so it was not possible that Zheng He shipped her here. She came with an entourage of 500 and the Chinese were given Bukit China or Chinese Hill as their settlement. The men who stayed on in Malacca took local wives and started what were to become the Peranakans or Baba-Nonya families.

The Chinese sided with the Malays to defend Malacca when the Portuguese attacked in 1511 so they fell out of favour and were given a tough time during the Portuguese rule. There were accounts that said some of them were forced to live a subsistence level outside the town. Chinese who came to trade were penalized with higher taxes than others.

The Dutch captured Malacca in 1641. They welcomed the Chinese whom they knew to be illustrious. Some of the Chinese eventually became quite wealthy as traders, planters and miners. Some well-known Chinese Malaysian families are descendents of this pioneering group.

When the British became the colonists in the 19th century, they neglected Malacca as they saw better potential in Penang and Singapore. They allowed Chinese immigration as they were opening up tin mines, notably in Perak and Selangor, and rubber plantations throughout the country. The community of Chinese traders and merchants also grew in tandem. The forebears of most Chinese in West Malaysia came during the British era.

Chinese migration to Sabah and Sarawak or East Malaysia/Borneo also took place mostly during the 17th to 19th centuries.

Most Chinese who came here were escaping from famines or upheavals in China and Malaya was chosen for various reasons:
*availability of work and British rule/protection.
*near enough to China so they could return when they have made enough money and the situation improves in China. Unfortunately, most never lived to see that day.
*the encouragement by kongsi and clan associations which played important roles in the steady flow and the welfare of Chinese émigrés into Malaya.

This immigration only slowed to a trickle when the Japanese invaded and never picked up again until recently. Today, mainland Chinese are once again, entering Malaysia/Singapore in increasing numbers.

It’s not set in stone but it’s probably not the policy of the present government to encourage Chinese migration into Malaysia today.

Edited by Sung, 29 December 2005 - 07:37 AM.


#36 Hang Li Po

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Posted 06 March 2006 - 09:24 PM

Melaka (Malacca)

Baba Nyonya Museum

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Baba Nyonya

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Chinatown

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TOO PHAT feat YASIN - ALHAMDULILLAH (ENGLISH VERSION)


#37 Genghis_Khan

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Posted 28 March 2006 - 09:00 PM

I have been to KK a couple of times and interacted with the local Malays there. I must say they are extremely friendly and through our conversations and their actions it seems to me they get along very well with the Chinese community there. One of them was even telling me his daughter was marrying a chinese.

In fact, the only place where I have found Malays less than friendly to me has been KL (But then i havent been to alls parts of Malaysia) and even then they are in the minority


You are right, we all live here in 80% harmony unless something triggers it to something bad...
Currently the malays rule..
the government try to give all the best to the malays..
what i see here is the Chinese have to work hard to support the economy
and all the best goto the malays..
buying property have 7% discount, get to university (without any A's) free while other race (with 2-3A's unable to attend government university) only until form 6, they also try to lower down the education standard so that match the malays intelligent (in the end all of us have lower quality because they want to show everyone the malays too can get A's) and so on...
Below is the list of treatment we get in Malaysia, and we have to keep quiet on that..
otherwise the Malays will not happy and they always mention if they were not happy with us, then they will be a repeat of May 13 (race riot-where the malays kill chinese)

China Daily BBS
List of Racial Discrimination in Malaysia

List of Racial Discriminations in Malaysia, practiced by Gov't as well as Gov't agencies. This list is an open secret. Best verified by Gov't itself because it got the statistics. This list is not in the order of importance,. that means the first one on the list is not the most important and the last one on the list does not mean least important.

This list is a common knowledge to a lot of Malaysians, especially those Non-Malays (Tamils, Chinese, Ibans, Kadazans, orang asli, Christians, etc) who were being racially discriminated. Figures in this list are estimates only and please take it as a guide only. Gov't of Malaysia has the most correct figures. Is Gov't of Malaysia too ashamed to publish their racist acts by publishing racial statistics?

This list cover a period of about 47 years since Independence (1957).

List of racial discriminations (Malaysia):

50 road names (at least) had been change from Chinese names to other names.

10 all public universities Vice chancellors are Malays

99% of 2000 Petronas gasoline stations are owned by Malays

99% of Petronas directors are Malays

2% is what Chinese New Village get compare with 98% of what Malays kampongs (villages) got for rural development budget.

1000 While a Chinese parent with RM1000 salary (monthly) cannot get school-text-book-loan, a Malay parents with RM2000 salary is eligible.

5% of all new intake for gov't nurses, police, army is Non-Malays.

2.5% is Gov't budget for Chinese primary schools. Tamil school got only 1%, Malay school got 96.5%

5% to 15% Discount for a Malay to buy a house, regardless whether the Malay is rich or poor.

5% The gov't universities lecturers of Non-Malay origins had been reduced from about 70% in 1965 to only 5% in 2004

2% is the percentage of Non-Malays gov't servants in Putrajaya (the new gov't administrative capital).. But Malays make up. 98%

7% is the percentage of Chinese gov't servants in the whole gov't (in 2004), drop from 30% in 1960

2% is the present Chinese staff in RMAF (Royal Malaysian Air Force), drop from 40% in 1960

0 of the gov't TV statio ns (TV1 , TV2, TV3) are directors of Non-Malays origin

2 million Malaysian Chinese had emigrated oversea since 40 years ago.

0.5 million Tamils Malaysians emigrated oversea

3 million Indonesians had migrated into Malaysia and became Malaysian citizens with Bumiputra status.

0 Non-bumi are allowed to get shop lots in the new Muar bus station (Nov 2004)

1 Out of all the 5 major banks, only one bank is multi-racial, The rest are controlled by Malays.

10% place for Non-Bumi students for MARA science schools beginning from year 2003, But, only 7% are filled. Before that it was 100% Malays.

1 Catholic church in Shah Alam took 20 years to apply to be constructed. but told by Malay authority that it must look like a factory and not look like a church. Still not yet approved in 2004.

10 times, at least, Malays (especially UMNO) had threatened to massacre the Chinese Malaysians using May 13 since 1969 (if non malays talk about this, they will be put under ISA detention for creating unharmorny remarks)

50 cases whereby Chinese and Indian Malaysi ans are beaten up in the Khidmat Negara (National Service) program in 2003.

8000 B is the total amount (RM 8000 Billion Rnggit) the Gov't channeled to Malays pockets through ASN, ASB, Tabung Haji, privatisation of Gov't agencies, MARA, etc through NEP over 34 years period.

25% is Chinese population in 2004, drop from 45% in 1957

20 reported cases whereby Malay ambulance attendance treated Chinese patients inhumanely and Malay Gov't hospital staffs purposely delay attending to Chinese patients in 2003. Unreported cases may be 200.

600,000 are the Tamil and Chinese Malaysians with red IC and was rejected repeatedly when applying for citizenship for 40 years. Perhaps 60 % of them had already passed away due to old age. This shows racism of how easily Indonesians got their citizenship compare with the Chinese and Indians.

95% of Gov't contracts are given to Malays.

3 only 3 out of 12 Human Rights item s are ratified by Malaysia Gov't since 1960

0 Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination (UN Human Rights) is not ratified by Malaysia Gov't. since 1960s

5% Only 5% is given to Non-Malays for Gov't scholarships over 40 years.

0 Chinese or Tamils were sent to Japan & Korea under "Look East Policy".

100% All business licensees are controlled by Malay gov't e.g. Taxi permits, AP permit etc.

2 Chinese taxi drivers were barred from driving in JB Larkin bus station. There are about 30 taxi drivers and 3 are Chinese in Oct 2004. Spoiling taxi club properties was the reason given.

80% of the Chinese rice millers in Kedah had to be sold to Malay controlled Bernas in 1980s. Otherwise, life is make difficult for Chinese rice millers.

10 At least 10 Chinese owned bus companies (throughout Malaysia, throughout 40 years) had to be sold to MARA or other Malay transport companies due to rejection by Malay authority to Chinese application for bus routes and rejection for their application for new buses. (FYI, during the times this bus company were operate by Chinese company without the help of government and they have no make any loss but when the government base company (malay company) take over all the Chinese bus company, they declare they have make loss and the government have to use public fund to help them)

1 Dewan Gan Boon Leong (in Malacca) was altered to other name (e.g. Dewan Serbaguna or sort ) when it was being officially used for a few days. Gov't try to shun Chinese names. This racism happened in around year 2000 or sort.

100% All contractors working under Petronas projects must be Bumiputra status.

3% of Petronas employees are Chinese.

30 gov't produced TV dramas and film always showed that the bad guys had Chinese; face and the good guys had Malay face. You can check it out since 1970s. Recent years, this tendency become less.

100 big companies set up, managed and owned by Chinese Malaysians were taken over / bought over by gov't / Malays and later managed by Malays since 1970s e.g. Maybank, Southern Bank, UMBC, UMW, MISC, UTC, etc to name few...

100 constituencies (states and parliaments) had been racistly re-delineated so that Chinese voters were diluted so that Chinese candidates particularly DAP candidates lost in election since 1970s.

20 constituencies won by DAP would not get funds from gov't to develop. Or, these Chinese majority constituencies would be the last to be developed.

0 temples / churches were built for each Taman (housing estates). But, every Taman got at least one mosque / surau built. (each mosque have the capacity to occupy 5,000 people which cost billions to build it)

3000 mosques / surau were built in all Taman throughout Malaysia since 1970. No temples, no churches are required to be built in Taman.

2637 Malay primary schools built since 1968 – 2000

48 Chinese primary schools closed. down since 1968 – 2000

144 Tamil primary schools closed down since 1968 – 2000

128 STPM Chinese top students could not get into the course that they aspired i.e. Medicine (mostly left this country and migrate to UK, USA, Singapore.

1 publishing of Bible in Iban language banned (in 2002?) / They try to convert every race and ethnic to Islam (They even convert the native people and also the ophans)

20 cases every year whereby Chinese drivers who accidentally knocked down Malays were seriously assaulted or killed by Malays.

50 cases each year whereby Chinese, especially Chinese youths being beaten up by Malay youths in public places. We may check at police reports provided the police took the report, otherwise, there will be no record.

7% is the present (2004) Malaysian Indians population, a drop from 12% in 1957

0 percent of Non-Malays staffs is legally required in Malay companies. But there must be 30 % Malays staffs in Chinese companies.

12% is what ASN / ASB got per annum while banks' fixed deposit is only about 3.5% per annum.

There are hundreds more racial discrimin ations in Malaysia to add to this list of "colossal" racism. It is hoped that the victims of racism will write in to expose racism. Malaysian Government should publish statistics showing how much Malays had benefited from the "special rights" of Malays and at the same time tell the statistics of how much other minority races are being discriminated. Hence, the responsibility lies in the Malaysian gov't itself to publish unadulterated statistics of racial discrimination. If the Malaysia gov't hide the statistics above, then there must be some evil doings, immoral doings, sinful doings and shameful doings, like the Nazi, going on onto the Non-Malays of Malaysia.

It's true.. that recently they have a debate in the parliment where they want to make sure all public listed company CEO and Managing Director must be Malays because they said we have to give them the chance to sit at high post because they were not clever enough to do it themself so other race must be fair to them and let them expose to high position...

Civilized nation, unlike evil Nazi, must publish statistics to show its treatment on its minority races, This is what Malaysia must publish...We are asking for the publication of the statistics showing how "implementation of special rights of Malays" had inflicted colossal racial discri mination onto Non-Malays.

Ends

Now you guys know what our situation?? We are trying to pretend as nothing...
But actually deep inside, we know what happen to us all here...

Edited by Genghis_Khan, 28 March 2006 - 10:20 PM.

"I am the punishment of God...
If you had not committed great sins,
God would not have sent a punishment like me upon you.
"

~~ The Great Genghis Khan.

#38 Genghis_Khan

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Posted 28 March 2006 - 10:11 PM

There are also many chinese in Malaysia

When did the 1st chinese arrived in Malaysia?

I heard that Kuala Lumpur was 1st settled by chinese tin miners imported from Canton. Essentially, Kuala Lumpur was predominantly cantonese

Penang was mostly hokkien.

Can someone tell me more about history of chinese in Malaysia?


Nothern (Kedah/Penang) are hokkiens
Kelantan/Trengganu are Teochew near to Thailand
Perak/KL/Negeri 9/Pahang are mainly Cantonese
Melaka are hokkien
Johor are Teochew
Sabah are hakka
Sarawak not sure... any idea ?
"I am the punishment of God...
If you had not committed great sins,
God would not have sent a punishment like me upon you.
"

~~ The Great Genghis Khan.

#39 LYY

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Posted 28 March 2006 - 11:16 PM

0 temples / churches were built for each Taman (housing estates). But, every Taman got at least one mosque / surau built. (each mosque have the capacity to occupy 5,000 people which cost billions to build it)

3000 mosques / surau were built in all Taman throughout Malaysia since 1970. No temples, no churches are required to be built in Taman.


Indeed a lot of money has been used for funding in this area.
One perhaps unwritten reason why this money is seen to be generating returns and rewards because the people tend to link this to the status of the country as a net petroleum exporter. Since early 80s, this country has discovered oil fields in the East Coast of the Peninsular. Many have believed in the blessing of the One. IOW pumping money for sincere and devoted praying is a kind of duty which would generating rewards that come in many forms. Don't be surprised, sometimes i believe in that too ... :P

#40 LYY

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Posted 28 March 2006 - 11:22 PM

12% is what ASN / ASB got per annum while banks' fixed deposit is only about 3.5% per annum.


You left out one important point.

The bumi is given a choice in income tax.
(1) He can choose to pay income tax or
(2) he can choose to convert his income tax into ZAKAT.

ZAKAT is a form of donation to his religion.
And only GOD know if he pays. <_<

#41 LYY

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Posted 29 March 2006 - 02:44 AM

Only 5% is given to Non-Malays for Gov't scholarships over 40 years.

5% is over-rated.
A realistic figure is around 1~2%.
And this is not all.

- How many % scholarship holders complete their studies?


0 Chinese or Tamils were sent to Japan & Korea under "Look East Policy".


Come on, if you think the "Look East Policy" is for the non Bumi, you are dreaming.
The Policy is to realize Dr M dream to imitate the footsteps of the success stories of the Japanese.
The Malay control Politics; they control the bureaucrat.
They are forming an elite group of industrialist with the Policy.
The Japanese is their MODEL.

#42 LYY

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Posted 29 March 2006 - 03:12 AM

It's true.. that recently they have a debate in the parliment where they want to make sure all public listed company CEO and Managing Director must be Malays because they said we have to give them the chance to sit at high post because they were not clever enough to do it themself so other race must be fair to them and let them expose to high position...



The implications of we do it our way ...

- MAS (Malaysian Airline) makes money with selling off new airplanes.
When there is no new planes to be sold, they lose terribly ...
Dun worry, next year P&L will turn around very well. New planes in the pipeline are to be sold!

- PLUS (Project Lebuhraya Utara Selatan - North South Highway Project) makes money with a PLUS strategy - The government will always PLUS 30-years to COLLECT tolls.

- Do not be so proud with MYKAD.
The CIA is able to locate our identities now. :(

...
...

- One thing for sure KLSE will go rocketing high. All GLC (Government Linked Corporation) and smart CEOs will operate in ONE spirit to boost up the market value. Then come George Soros, the dream gone ...

#43 Genghis_Khan

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Posted 29 March 2006 - 03:29 AM

5% is over-rated.
A realistic figure is around 1~2%.
And this is not all.

- How many % scholarship holders complete their studies?
Come on, if you think the "Look East Policy" is for the non Bumi, you are dreaming.
The Policy is to realize Dr M dream to imitate the footsteps of the success stories of the Japanese.
The Malay control Politics; they control the bureaucrat.
They are forming an elite group of industrialist with the Policy.
The Japanese is their MODEL.


Haha...
Atleast I now i know someone who share my points and know more than me..
:lol:
"I am the punishment of God...
If you had not committed great sins,
God would not have sent a punishment like me upon you.
"

~~ The Great Genghis Khan.

#44 LYY

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Posted 29 March 2006 - 03:33 AM

1 Out of all the 5 major banks, only one bank is multi-racial, The rest are controlled by Malays.

:huh:


1 Catholic church in Shah Alam took 20 years to apply to be constructed. but told by Malay authority that it must look like a factory and not look like a church. Still not yet approved in 2004.


Really ...

In Penang, they can approve the Chinese Temple easily.
Maybe most temples generate $$$ ... in line with the 3S policy - Sport, Song and $$$

#45 LYY

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Posted 29 March 2006 - 03:40 AM

Hey .... aren't there many ethnic Chinese BILLIONAIRES in Malaysia as often reported in Chinese language newspapers.


hmm... theoritical yes.

btw, they spent most of their time overseas. :P




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