21 replies to this topic

[yejiangwei007]

i'm a chinese student in china. My major is english and this semester i had a course that is Essentials of British and American Cultures. so ..i will have a test of this course. And my Pro ask us write a paper about the difference bewteen chinese and westen country in the feudal age . I just know sth about chinese histoty but know a little about westen. I try to find much more material on the intenet but i failed. luckily i foud this forum,so ...
I expect your help and thanks for you help .
my emai :yejiangwei007@163.com QQ(a chating tool very popular in china) 404622456 my english name is Fisher and C-name is 叶江伟。cellphone num :13980250250(it's a number in china )
of couse i'm a newbie so i need your help

[General_Zhaoyun]

What do you mean by "feudal age"? Do you mean during ancient times?

你来自中国吗？

对不起，实在是看不懂你的英文，因为表达方式有点怪。你是想了解中国和西方文化的不同吗？

还是只是想比较中国和英国/美国的不同？你所谓的“feudal age" 在西方历史当中是指“中世纪”，而美国当时并不存在。

西方国家这么多，你是否只是想讨论 "以英语为主的国家“ (anglo-culture country)?

[yejiangwei007]

What do you mean by "feudal age"? Do you mean during ancient times?

你来自中国吗？

对不起，实在是看不懂你的英文，因为表达方式有点怪。你是想了解中国和西方文化的不同吗？

还是只是想比较中国和英国/美国的不同？你所谓的“feudal age" 在西方历史当中是指“中世纪”，而美国当时并不存在。

西方国家这么多，你是否只是想讨论 "以英语为主的国家“ (anglo-culture country)?

就是说吗，有个中文的就不错。我看这个网站不错，所以我过来看看，。我说的 feudal age .就是说西方的封建社会时期。我们老师要我作比较，然后写论文。主要是以英语为主的国家吧。不过也可以师罗马那些国家。为了别人能看懂，我试着翻译一下写的。我的英语也不怎么好。我是一个医学院英语系大二的学生。 让你见笑了，不过不让别人笑笑，我怎么会进步呢。

I seem very goog to meet a chinese friend.This forum is very good so i come here to learn sth. what i mean "feudal age" is a long period in china just lilke Qing dynasty and Tang dynasty. my pro ask me to write a paper about the difference bewteen the easten and westen country in this period. Almost you are right , my topic is about the anglo-culture country,but it also can be Roman or Greece( this paragraph is the translation of last paragraph.

[General_Zhaoyun]

为了别人能看懂，我试着翻译一下写的。我的英语也不怎么好。我是一个医学院英语系大二的学生。 让你见笑了，不过不让别人笑笑，我怎么会进步呢。

叶兄

您太见笑了！中国人英文不好本来就是"应该的"，又何必感到害羞，怕人耻笑呢？你肯用英语翻译，多少显现出你正努力学好英语。虽说有些拼写错误，文章及用词可以写的更加的舒畅，但最起码，我都能理解你想说什么。

请恕我纠正你的英语，供你学习之用。

- 有些拼写错误，如"easten", "westen" 应该是 "eastern", "western"， "bewteen" 应该是 "between"。

- "i" (我）在句子当中通常是大写，写成 "I"。 句子当中通常没有人用小写"i"。

- "I expect your help and thanks for you help ." - 正确的说法应该是 "I look forward to your help and thank you"。(我希望/盼望你能帮我）。
"expect" 这个字用不得，意思是"期望"， 并带有"要求，强制性"的意思，因此，如果用"I expect" 等于说你预设"强制性的要求"，要求对方来帮你，这是极为不礼貌的，会产生误会，让人感到反感。 还有，在句子当中，同一个名词最好不要重复，如"help" 不应该出现两次（重复），可改为上述或"I look foward and thanks for your help" ('help' 出现一词，而前段和后段都连到好面的"help")。 这样，句子就比较通顺，不会重叠。

就是说吗，有个中文的就不错。我看这个网站不错，所以我过来看看，。我说的 feudal age .就是说西方的封建社会时期。我们老师要我作比较，然后写论文。主要是以英语为主的国家吧。不过也可以师罗马那些国家。

I seem very goog to meet a chinese friend.This forum is very good so i come here to learn sth. what i mean "feudal age" is a long period in china just lilke Qing dynasty and Tang dynasty. my pro ask me to write a paper about the difference bewteen the easten and westen country in this period. Almost you are right , my topic is about the anglo-culture country,but it also can be Roman or Greece( this paragraph is the translation of last paragraph.

中国历史的"封建社会"和西方的"封建社会"是完全不一样的概念。

中国的封建社会主要是描写古代社会，在中国大陆主要又受马克思历史观的影响，是介于"奴隶社会"和"资本主义社会"之间，且确来说是指春秋战国到清朝结束为止的这段期间 （500 BC to 1911 AD)。

西方的"封建社会"则完全不一样。主要是描写地主及工农社会的时期，这是在中世纪 (10 - 14th century)。通常西方的历史是这样分的：

Classical Ancient Period (Greece/Rome 500 BC till 400 AD) 古典欧洲时期
Dark Age ( 400 AD till 1000 AD) -黑暗时期
Feudal Age (1000 till 1400 AD) - 封建时期
Renaissance (1400 till 1600) - 文化复兴
Imperial and Colonial Age (1600 till 1945) - 帝国与殖民时期

因此，若要比较时期，最好不要用"封建"来对比，还是以中国历史朝代来对比会比较好。

若你想比较唐朝到清朝的这段历史时期，可以这样说：

唐朝开始- 欧洲非常落后，可以说是"黑暗时期"，唯一的"西方帝国"是"东罗马帝国",称为" 拜占庭帝国" (Byzantine - 其实是后希腊延续罗马文明的帝国)。这个帝国一直到1452 年才被兴起的奥吐曼帝国（土耳其 Ottoman Turk）给灭掉。而这个时期，由于西罗马帝国早已被各野蛮部落所瓦解，因此，西欧及北欧各"野蛮民族"则相继成立自己的王国，但生产力相对弱后。 在英国，主要的民族是 Anglo-Saxon tribes (英吉利，萨克森人）。在法国则有"Frank tribes" （法兰克人），在德国则成立所谓的"Holy Roman Empire"(由不同日尔曼人Germanic Tribes 组成的帝国）。基督教文明开始在欧洲蔓延。

宋朝至明朝初期 - 英格兰(England) 被诺曼人 (Norman) 征服。英国开始有国家历史的记录。进入封建时期。英国和法国发生百年大战 (100 years of war)。整个欧洲开始进入战国争霸时期，一直到1945年，"争霸"才到一个段落。基督教文明在欧洲达到鼎盛时期，但相继地也开始黑暗腐败。

明朝初期到中期- 意大利文化复兴，开始席卷整个欧洲，欧洲人思想开始解放。由于基督教文明相对黑暗腐败(例如为了巩固教皇势力，教皇开始对异教徒进行屠杀，诬陷异教徒heretics 为巫婆，巫师进行迫害），马丁路特 (Martin Luther -德国人）开始领导新教主义 (protestans)，对抗旧天主教势力，导致了17世纪初的三十年大战 (thirty years war)。由于文化复兴提倡科学观，旧的基督教思想开始失去了以往的势力，并逐渐走下坡。葡萄牙人麦哲伦(magellan)的地理新发现，开辟了一条通往亚洲的新路线。以往被奥吐曼垄断的东西贸易，不再是他们的专利，而欧洲可以直接跟亚洲进行贸易，这为欧洲带来无穷的商机及财富。同时，哥伦布从西班牙航行到了美洲，开辟了新大陆。

明晚期至清朝 - 欧洲开始进入帝国殖民"争霸"时期。沿海的欧洲各国如葡萄牙，西班牙，英国，法国开始往外扩张，为的掠夺更多的黄金，原料，土地以争取更大的经济利益。16世纪最为强大的西班牙，帝国遍布全南美洲。英国的兴起是在16世纪末Queen Elizabeth I 时期，由于实行变革，英国很快变成欧洲最有钱的国家，英国海军又打败了强大的西班牙舰队 (Spanish Amada)。 因此到了17世纪末，西班牙的地位逐渐由英国取代。17 世纪的英国正处于一个动荡时期，经过一个"光荣革命"(English Revolution)， 英国开始实行变革，把王权剥夺，把权力送交议会 (parliament)，并把各种法律条文写入了"大宪政" (Magna Carta)，到了1750，英国又发生轰动世界历史的"工业大革命" (Industrial Revolution)，并且有了世界第一个经济学资本主义论：亚当.斯密斯 (Adam Smith) 的国富论 (Wealth of Nation)。到了十九世纪中（Queen Victoria)，英国已成为世界最强大的帝国，到了1945 年间，殖民地版图遍布全球。这个只是一个小小的小岛，能够成为世界的强国主要靠的是她强大的海军。到了二次世界大战后，英国的各殖民地相继宣布独立，英国才开始推出历史的舞台。

在16世纪，英国的"五月花"(May Flower) 是一批逃亡美洲大陆的异教徒，在北美成立的 New England。英国又在美洲形成了许多殖民城市，英国人开始移民美洲。到了18世纪，由于美洲人要向英国政府缴出昂贵的税，因而感到不满，开始了争取从英国独立的战争(American Independence War)。由于General Washington 打败了英国，由十三个州组成美利坚合众国（即美国），脱离英国的统治, 于1776年透过独立宣言 (united states declaration of independence) 产生了独立的美国。独立后的美国开始了工业化，实行自由经济市场资本主义，到了19世纪中经过美国内战， President Abraham Lincoln 释放了黑奴，在美洲西部又不断的扩张，到了19世纪末已成为世界强国。二十世纪初，美国以超速的经济发展成为资本主义中的领先国。从欧洲各国移民到美国的欧洲人又相对地增加，抱着就是"寻梦" (American Dream) ，希望可以在美国寻找新的生活。经过第一和第二十世界大战之后，美国的工业更加的蓬勃发展，到了二次世界大战之后，已成为世界最大的经济体。美国在二十世纪发挥了她巨大的世界影响力。各项重大的科技发明如原子弹，电脑，电话，留声机，机器人，互联网等都来于自美国。

美国在文化方面虽不如中国文化底蕴深厚，但她毕竟是个"自由主义" (liberalism) 和 "民主" 的代表化身。英语为什么能够成为世界语言，一方面是英国的历史原因，另一方面则是因为美国在二十世纪是世界超级强国。世界文化潮流为什么都脱不了美国的西方文化影响，主要是因为美国的商业文化，流行音乐文化（电影,disco等），媒体文化 (CNN, ABC News 等）遍布全球，并且有吸引力。

[yejiangwei007]

- 有些拼写错误，如"easten", "westen" 应该是 "eastern", "western"， "bewteen" 应该是 "between"。

- "i" (我）在句子当中通常是大写，写成 "I"。 句子当中通常没有人用小写"i"。

- "I expect your help and thanks for you help ." - 正确的说法应该是 "I look forward to your help and thank you"。(我希望/盼望你能帮我）。
"expect" 这个字用不得，意思是"期望"， 并带有"要求，强制性"的意思，因此，如果用"I expect" 等于说你预设"强制性的要求"，要求对方来帮你，这是极为不礼貌的，会产生误会，让人感到反感。 还有，在句子当中，同一个名词最好不要重复，如"help" 不应该出现两次（重复），可改为上述或"I look foward and thanks for your help" ('help' 出现一词，而前段和后段都连到好面的"help")。 这样，句子就比较通顺，不会重叠。

Thank you very much. Actually,I know it's wrong but I'm a lazy boy .If i type some wrong words that they will not cause other misunderstand me, I'm too lazy to correct it.just like "i". It's so trouble to press "capslock" before typing "I". Maybe it's not a reason or excuse for me to make mistakes.In brief thank you very much.
I will be very busy because of the final exams,so there is just a little time for me to surf internet. But after that I would spend a lots time to surf this forum and learn the chinese history.
At last I look forward to getting your help again.

[William O'Chee]

I am a little puzzled by the question you are asking.

In what areas are you looking for differences between the West and China? Are you referring to social structure, technology, military organisation, economy?

The starting point may be to ask what do you think feudalism means in the context of Europe from 1000AD to 1500AD?

Please note I do not read Chinese, so please respond in English.

[yejiangwei007]

Now I know what's my paper's topic is " the comparison traditional raiment between british and chinese". Can you give me some info or advices.
That is my topic ,and I want to make it into four parts.
first: what is british traditional raiment
second : chinese 's
Third :what 's difference bewteen them and how to make them(the different characters and what's factor affect it, like climate ect).
forth:conculosion.
I think the most important part is the third part .And it's also the most difficult .
I look forward to your advices .You also can set me email to "yejiangwei007@163.com"

[William O'Chee]

Hi William O' Chee,

According to the discussion GZ and yejiangwei007 has had, the differences include all that can be found (everything, ranging from technology, culture, wars and so on and so forth) between the West and China. （根据赵云将军和yejiangwei007的讨论中，yejiangwei007想要找的是西方和中国的不同地方有哪些，比如文化、战争、科技等等）

Why not learn Chinese? (学学一点华文吧!) It's not that difficult to master.

Dear Liu Bang,

When you get to my age, you understand why I don't learn Chinese!

Just understand that when i was a kid growing up in Australia, we weren't allowed to learn Chinese, because of the White Australia Policy! So it's a lot easier for you, because you live in a place where peple speak both English and Chinese, at home and at school, and you have the time on your hands.

Anyway, if I was to learn anything it would be Cantonese. After all, that is my heritage, not Mandarin.

William

[William O'Chee]

Now I know what's my paper's topic is " the comparison traditional raiment between british and chinese". Can you give me some info or advices.
That is my topic ,and I want to make it into four parts.
first: what is british traditional raiment
second : chinese 's
Third :what 's difference bewteen them and how to make them(the different characters and what's factor affect it, like climate ect).
forth:conculosion.
I think the most important part is the third part .And it's also the most difficult .
I look forward to your advices .You also can set me email to "yejiangwei007@163.com"

Traditional British raiment for whom? For the nobles, or the ordinary people?

Now Liu Bang, see the fourth part of the question? It is about why.

[yejiangwei007]

Traditional British raiment for whom? For the nobles, or the ordinary people?

Now Liu Bang, see the fourth part of the question? It is about why.

Oh i'm sorry I make that mistake again.It's between not "bewteen"
You said that " the White Australia Policy", I never heard it before.But now I know, just like chinese government that they always forbid some foreign websites.because there are some bad news for the government. The White Australia Policy must be vanished now ,so ..I want to give a advice .Maybe you should try to learn chinese now.It's interesting and very useful.
It's all.there must be some grammar mistakes ,like some said it's chinese english. If you have sth info that you can set email to me "yejiangwei007@163.com"

Traditional British raiment for whom? For the nobles, or the ordinary people?

Now Liu Bang, see the fourth part of the question? It is about why.

Both of them are ok.

[yejiangwei007]

Can you say sth useful to me ? Thank you.

[yejiangwei007]

My topic have to change again.baause my pro told me that my topic is so width. Now i feel so pazzle that what topic I should to write about.