[xu huang]

I'm doing a translation of the bios of the sons of Cao Cao. Some had already been done, but I do them anyway...

I may make some mistakes here and there, so pls bear with me. Any suggestions or changes are welcome !

Here goes...

武皇帝二十五男：卞皇后生文皇帝、任城威王彰、陈思王植、萧怀王熊，刘夫人生
丰愍王昂、相殇王铄，环夫人生邓哀王冲、彭城王据、燕王宇，杜夫人生沛穆王林、中
山恭王衮，秦夫人生济阳怀王玹、陈留恭王峻，尹夫人生范阳闵王矩，王昭仪生赵王干，
孙姬生临邑殇公子上、楚王彪、刚殇公子勤，李姬生谷城殇公子乘、郿戴公子整、灵殇
公子京，周姬生樊安公均，刘姬生广宗殇公子棘，宋姬生东平灵王徽，赵姬生乐陵王茂。

Taizu (Cao Cao) had 25 sons. Empress Bian gave birth to Wendi (Cao Pi), King Rencheng {Cao} Zhang, King Chenshi {Cao} Zhi and King Xiaohuai {Cao} Xiong. Lady Liu gave birth to King Fengmin {Cao} Ang, King Xiangshang {Cao} Shuo. Lady Huan gave birth to King Dengai {Cao} Chong, King Pengcheng {Cao} Ju, King Yan {Cao} Yu. Lady Du gave birth to King Peimu {Cao} Lin, King Zhongshan Gong {Cao} Gun. Lady Qin gave birth to King Huai of Jiyang {Cao} Xuan, King Gong of Chenliu {Cao} Jun. Lady Yin gave birth to King Min of Fanyang {Cao} Ju. Concubine Wang gave birth to King Zhao {Cao} Gan. Concubine Sun gave birth to Prince Shang of Linyi {Cao} Shang, King Chu {Cao} Biao, Prince Kangshang {Cao} Qin. Concubine Li gave birth to Prince Shang of Gucheng {Cao} Cheng, Prince Meidai {Cao} Zheng, Prince Lingshang {Cao} Jing. Concubine Zhou gave birth to Duke An of Fan {Cao} Jun. Concubine Liu gave birth to Prince Shang of Guangzhong {Cao} Jin. Concubine Song gave birth to King Ling of Dongping {Cao} Wei. Concubine Zhao gave birth to King Leling {Cao} Mao.

丰愍王昂字子修。弱冠举孝廉。随太祖南征，为张绣所害。无子。黄初二年追封，
谥曰丰悼公。三年，以樊安公均子琬奉昂后，封中都公。其年徙封长子公。五年，追加
昂号曰丰悼王。太和三年改昂谥曰愍王。嘉平六年，以琬袭昂爵为丰王。正元、景元中，
累增邑，并前二千七百户。琬薨，谥曰恭王。于廉嗣。

King Fengmin {Cao} Ang styled Zixiu. At the age of twenty, he was recommended as ‘Filially Pious and Incorrupt’. Followed Taizu in the expedition to the south. He was killed in the battle against Zhang Xiu and he had no sons. In the 2nd year of Huang Chu (AD221), he was given a posthumously title of Duke of Feng Dao. In the 3rd year of Huang Chu (AD222), Cao Wan, the son of Duke Fan’an, Cao Jun was adopted to Cao Ang’s line to continue his line and was bestowed as Duke of Zhongdu. In the same year, his title was switched to Duke of Changzi. In the 5th year of Huang Chu (AD224), Cao Ang's title was raised to King of Feng Dao. In the 3rd year of Tai He (AD229), his title was changed to King of Min. In the 6th year of Jia Ping (AD254), Cao Wan inherited Cao Ang's title of King of Feng. From 1st year of Zheng Yuan (AD254) to Jingyuan (AD261-262), his fiefdom totaled 2700 households. When Cao Wan died, he was given the title King of Gong. His son Cao Lian inherited his title.

相殇王铄，早薨，太和三年追封谥。青龙元年，子愍王潜嗣，其年薨。二年，子怀
王偃嗣，邑二千五百户，四年薨。无子，国除。正元二年，以乐陵王茂子阳都乡公竦继
铄后。

King Xiangshang was named {Cao} Shuo. He died early. In the 3rd year of Tai He (AD229), he was posthumously given the title Prince Shang. In the 1st year of Qing Long (AD233), his son, King Min {Cao} Qian inherited his title. In the same year, {Cao} Qian died. The following year, his son, King Huai, {Cao} Yan inherited his title and was given 2500 households. In the 4th year, {Cao} Yan died. Yan had no sons and his line stopped there and fiefdom taken away. In the 2nd year of Zheng Yuan (AD255), the King of Le Ling, Cao Mao's son Cao Yang, the Duke of Dou Xiang was adopted to continue the line of Cao Shuo.

邓哀王冲字仓舒。少聪察岐嶷，生五六岁，智意所及，有若成人之智。时孙权曾致
巨象，太祖欲知其斤重，访之群下，咸莫能出其理。冲曰：“置象大船之上，而刻其水
痕所至，称物以载之，则校可知矣。”太祖大锐，即施行焉。时军国多事，用刑严重。
太祖马鞍在库，而为鼠所齧，库吏惧必死，议欲面缚首罪，犹惧不免。冲谓曰：“待三
日中，然后自归。”冲于是以刀穿单衣，如鼠齧者，谬为失意，貌有愁色。太祖问之，
冲对曰：“世俗以为鼠齧衣者，其主不吉。今单衣见齧，是以忧戚。”太祖曰：“此妄
言耳，无所苦也。”俄而库吏以齧鞍闻，太祖笑曰：“儿衣在侧，尚齧，况鞍县柱手?”
一无所问。冲仁爱识达，皆此类也。凡应罪戳，而为冲微所辩理，赖以济宥者，前后数
十。太祖数对群臣称述，有欲传后意。
年十三，建安十三年疾病，太祖亲为请命。及亡，哀甚。文帝宽喻太祖，太祖曰：
“此我之不幸，而汝曹之幸也。”言则流涕，为聘甄氏亡女与合葬，赠骑都尉印绶，命
宛侯据子琮奉冲后。二十二年，封琮为邓侯。黄初二年，追赠谥冲曰邓哀候，又追加号
为公。三年，进琮爵，徙封冠军公。四年，徙封己氏公。太和五年，加冲号曰邓哀王。
景初元年，琮坐于中尚方作禁物，削户三百，贬爵为都乡侯。三年，复为己氏公。正始
七年，转封平阳公。景初、正元、景元中，累增邑，井前千九百户。

King Deng’ai, {Cao} Chong styled Cangshu. He was very smart and quick-witted since young. When he was about five to six years of age, his thinking and actions were already similar to that of an adult. Once, Sun Quan had paid tribute to Wei by presenting them an elephant and Taizu (Cao Cao) wanted to know the weight of the elephant. After asking the people around him, on one could give an exact method to weigh the animal. {Cao} Chong came forward and said, “Place the elephant onto a boat and carefully mark the level of water on the boat. Next, remove the elephant and place goods on the boat until the water level reaches the mark on the boat. Next, weigh the goods and it will be the same as the elephant’s weight.” Taizu was delighted and followed his method of weighing the elephant.

During the period, there was a lot of military and internal matters and so the punishments were severe and strict. When Taizu’s saddle was gnawed by rats in the stable, the stable chief was afraid that he would be sentenced to death. Upon discussion with his colleagues, it was suggested that he tied himself up and admit to Taizu, but he was still scared that he would still be sentenced to die. Chong told them to wait three days and it will be fine. Chong then proceeded to cut his clothing as if a rat had gnawed on it, and pretended to look depressed. When Taizu asked him what had happened, Chong replied, “I’ve heard from other people that a person will have bad luck if his clothes had been gnawed by rats. Today, my clothing was gnawed, that’s why I’m depressed.” Taizu reassured his son by saying that was not true at all and do not have to worry at all. Not long after, the stable chief reported to Taizu that his saddle had been gnawed by rats. Taizu replied laughing, “Even my son’s clothing that were by his side was gnawed by rats, not to mention a saddle that was hung in a stable” and dismissed the whole matter.

Chong treated people with kindness. There were lots of people who were spared from punishments after committing guilty crimes due to Chong’s help. Taizu often praised Chong in front of his ministers and expressed his desire to make Chong his heir. At the age of thirteen in the 13th year of Jian An (AD208), Chong fell sick. Taizu personally set up an altar and prayed for his health. Later, Chong passed away and Taizu was very sad. When Wendi (Cao Pi) tried to console Taizu, Taizu replied, “This is very unfortunate for me, but very fortunate for you.” Taizu will always cry when Chong was mentioned and a deceased daughter of the Zhen clan was posthumously married to Chong and the two were buried together. Chong was posthumously bestowed the title of Chief Commandant of the Cavalry and Cao Zong, son of Marquis of Wan, Cao Ju was adopted to continue Chong’s line.

In the 22nd year of Jian An (AD217), Zong was appointed as Marquis of Deng. In the 2nd of Huang Chu (AD221), Chong was bestowed the title Marquis of Deng Ai, and later Prince of Deng Ai. In the following year, Zong was promoted to Prince of Guan Jun. In the 4th year of Huang Chu (AD223), bestowed upon the title Price of Ji Shi.

In the 5th year of Tai He (AD231), Chong was bestowed the title King of Deng Ai. In the 1st year of Jing Chu (AD237), Zong was found guilty of producing illegal items and had his fiefdom decreased by 300 households and he was also demoted to Marquis of Du Xiang. In the 3rd year of Jing Chu (AD239), Zong was reinstated to Prince of Ji Shi. In the 7th year of Zheng Shi (AD246), his title was changed to Prince of Ping Yang. During the years from Jing Chu, Zheng Yuan to Jing Yuan, Zong’s fiefdom was increased to a total combined of 1900 households.

彭城王据，建安十年封范阳侯。二十二年，徙封宛侯。黄初二年，进爵为公。三年，
为章陵王，其年徙封义阳。文帝以南方下湿，又以环太妃彭城人，徙封彭城。又徙封济
阴。五年，诏曰：“先王建国，随时而制。汉祖增秦所置郡，至光武以天下损耗，并省
郡县。以今比之，益不及焉。其改封诸王，皆为县王。”据改封定陶县。太和六年，改
封诸王，皆以郡为国，据复封彭城。景初元年，据坐私遣人诣中尚方作禁物，削县二千
户。三年复所削户邑。正元，景元中累增邑，并前四千六百户。

King Pengcheng {Cao} Ju was bestowed the title Marquis of Fan Yang in the 10th year of Jian An (AD211). In the 22nd year, the title changed to Marquis of Wan. In the 2nd year of Huang Chu (AD221), he was promoted to Prince. The following year, he was conferred as King Zhang Ling. In the same year, he was moved to Yi Yang and became King of Yi Yang. Wendi (Cao Pi) moved Ju to Pengcheng and made him King of Pengcheng because he feels that the southern part of China is humid and wet and also because Lady Huan (Ju’s mother) hails from Pengcheng. Later, Wendi moved Ju to Ji Yin as King of Ji Yin. In the 5th year of Huang Chu (AD224), Imperial edict decreed, “In the past, when Emperors build their countries, they created rules based on the situations then. Han Gaozu Liu Bang increased the number of prefectures appointed by the Qin dynasty. Han Guangwu Liu Xiu merged some prefectures together due to the losses incurred by wars. The situation now cannot be compared to the past. Therefore, all Kings will be re-appointed as Kings of Prefectures.” Ju was moved to Dingtao and appointed as King Dingtao. In the 6th year of Tai He (AD 232), the decree was reversed and Ju was moved back to Pengcheng and re-appointed as King Pengcheng. In the 1st year of Jing Chu (AD 237), Ju was found guilty of sending his men to produce illegal goods and his fiefdom was reduced by 2000 households. In the 3rd year of Jing Chu (AD239), the 2000 households were returned to him. During the reigning years of Zheng Yuan and Jing Yuan, his fiefdom had a total of 4600 households.

燕王宇安彭祖。建安十六年，封都乡侯。二十二年，改封鲁阳侯。黄初二年，进爵
为公。三年，为下邳王。五年，改封单父县。太和六年，改封燕王。明帝少与宇同止，
常爱异之。及即位，宠赐与诸王殊。青龙三年，征入朝。景初元年，还邺。二年夏，复
征诣京都。冬十二月，明帝疾笃，拜宇为大将军，属以后事。受署四日，宇深固让；帝
意亦变，遂免宇官。三年夏，还邺。景初、正元、景元中，累增邑，并前五千五百户。
常道乡公奂，宇之子，入继大宗。

King Yan, {Cao} Yu styled Pengzu. In the 16th year of Jian An (AD211), he was made Marquis of a Chief District. In the 22nd year (AD 217), Yu was made Marquis of Luyang. In the 2nd year of Huang Chu, he was made a Prince and in the following year, made Prince of Xiapi. In the 5th year, Yu was moved to Shanfu as King of Shanfu Prefecture. In the 6th year of Tai He (AD 232), Yu was made King of Yan. Mingdi (Cao Rui), since young was very close to Yu and even lived and moved around together. When Cao Rui ascended the throne, he especially took good care of Yu and Yu’s rewards were different from other kings. In the 3rd year of Qing Long (AD235), Yu was summoned to the Imperial Court in Luoyang.

Yu only returned to Ye in the 1st year of Jing Chu (AD237). In the summer of the following, Yu was again summoned to the Imperial Court. In the winter of the same year, Emperor Ming fell seriously ill and appointed Yu as General-In-Chief and asked him to take care of matters after he died. Yu insisted on resigning from the post of General-In-Chief. Emperor Ming’s mind had also changed then and relieved Yu of his post. In the 3rd year of Jing Chu (AD239), Yu returned to Ye. During the reigning years of Zheng Yuan and Jing Yuan, his fiefdom had a total of 5500 households. Prince Chang Dao, Cao Huan, Yu’s son, inherited his title.

沛穆王林，建安十六年封饶阳侯。二十二年，徙封谯。黄初二年，进爵为公。三年，
为谯王。五年，改封谯县。七年，徙封鄄城。太和六年，改封沛。景初，正元、景元中，
累增邑，并前四千七百户。林薨，子纬嗣。

King Peimu, {Cao} Lin, was made Marquis of Rao Yang in the 16th year of Jian An (AD211). In the 22nd year of Jian An (AD 217), Lin was moved to Jiao and made Marquis of Jiao. In the 2nd year of Huang Chu (AD 221), Lin was promoted to Prince and in the following year, made King Jiao. In the 5th year, Lin became King of Jiao Prefecture. In the 7th year, Lin re-located to Zhencheng and made King of Zhencheng. In the 6th year of Tai He (AD 232), Yu moved to Pei and made King Pei. During the reigning years of Jing Chu, Zheng Yuan and Jing Yuan, his fiefdom had a total of 4700 households. His son, Cao Wei inherited his title.





More to come....watch this space...

This post has been edited by xu huang: 15 August 2007 - 02:35 AM

[urofpersia]

Xu Huang,

very nice! which source are they from?

[xu huang]

urofpersia, on Feb 25 2006, 12:02 AM, said:

Xu Huang,

very nice! which source are they from?

Thanks !

I have a copy of SGZ at home....... Having some other books and info on that period also helps...haha

[xu huang]

Sorry guys, I was busy with my ICT. I promise I will finish up on this, but it will take time.

[orchid_dreams]

so helpful! ^_~

[xu huang]

中山恭王衮，建安二十一年封平乡侯。少好学，年十余岁能属文。每读书，文学左右常恐以精力为病，数谏止之，然性所乐，不能废也。二十二年，徙封东乡侯，其年又改封赞侯。黄初二年，进爵为公，官属皆贺，衮曰：“夫生深宫之中，不知稼穑之艰难，多骄逸之失。诸贤既庆其休，宜辅其阙。”每兄弟游娱，衮独覃思经典。文学防辅相与言曰：“受诏察公举错，有过当奏，及有善，亦宜以闻，不可匿其美也。”遂共表称陈衮美。兖闻之，大惊惧。责让文学曰；“修身自守，常人之行耳，而诸君乃以上闻，是适所以增其负累也。且如有善，何患不闻，而遽共如是，是非益我者。”其戒慎如此。三年，为北海王。其年，黄龙见邺西漳水，衮上书赞颂。诏赐黄金十斤，诏曰：“昔唐叔归禾，东平献颂，斯皆骨肉赞美，以彰懿亲。王研精坟典，耽味道真，文雅焕炳，朕甚嘉之。王其克慎明德，以终令闻。”四年，改封赞王。七年，徙封濮阳。太和二年就国，尚约俭，教敕妃妾纺绩织纴，习为家人之事。五年冬，入朝。六年，改封中山。
初，衮来朝，犯京都禁。青龙元年，有司奏衮褒。诏曰：“王素敬慎，邂逅至此，其以议亲之典议之。”有司固执。诏削县二，户七百五十。衮忧惧，戒敕宫属愈谨。帝嘉其意，二年，复所削县。三年秋，衮得疾病，调遣太医视疾，殿中、虎贲赍手诏、赐
珍膳相属，又遣太妃、沛王林并就省疾。衮疾困，敕令官属曰：“吾寡德忝宠，大命将尽。吾既好俭，而圣朝著终诰之制，为天下法。吾气绝之日，自殡及葬，务奉诏书。昔卫大夫蘧瑗葬濮阳，吾望其墓，常想其遗风，愿托贤灵以弊发齿，营吾兆域，必往从之。《礼》：男子不卒妇人之手。亟以时成东堂。”堂成，名之曰遂志之堂，舆疾往居之。又令世子曰：“汝幼少，未闻义方，早为人君，但知乐，不知苦；不知苦，必将以骄奢为失也。接大臣，务以礼。虽非大臣，老者犹宜答拜。事兄以敬，恤弟以慈；兄弟有不良之行，当造膝谏之。谏之不从，流涕喻之；喻之不改，乃白其母。若犹不改，当以奏闻，并辞国土。与其守宠罹祸，不若贫贱全身也。此亦谓渭大罪恶耳，其微过细故，当掩覆之。嗟尔小子，慎修乃身，奉圣朝以忠贞，事太妃以孝敬。闺闱之内，奉令于太妃；阃阈之外，受教于沛王。无怠乃心，以慰予灵。”其年薨。诏沛王林留讫葬，使大鸿胪持节典护丧事，宗正吊祭，赠赗甚厚。凡所著文章二万余言，才不及陈思王而好与之侔。子孚嗣。景初、正元，景元中，累增邑，并前三千四百户。

King Gong of Zhongshan, {Cao} Gun, was made Marquis of Ping Xiang in the 21th year of Jian An (AD216). Since young, Gun liked studying and already could write essays when he was only a teenager. In the 22nd year of Jian An (AD 217), he was appointed as Marquis of Tong Xiang and later in the same year, as Marquis of Zan. In the 2nd year of Huang Chu (AD221), he was promoted to the rank of Prince. Officials came forward and congratulated him. Gun told them, “Living in the palace has made me unaware of the hardships of farming, and can result in developing a habit of extravagance. I sincerely hope that since all of you can come and congratulate me, all of you could also help me in ridding this bad habit.” Whenever Gun and his brothers are together for gathering, he was always deep in thought, thinking about the classics. The officials of Literary Works would always say to each other, “We are here, under the Emperor’s orders to watch on (Gun)’s conduct and any misdoings must be reported accordingly. However, we must also report his virtues to the Emperor so as not to let his talents be hidden.” The officials praised Gun in front of the Emperor. When Gun learnt about this, he chided the officials, “Cultivating one’s mind and body and behaving in a righteous way is the most common behavior among people, however, you Sirs have reported this common behavior of mine to the Emperor. It will only increase my burden. If my actions are good, surely the people will know about it. It will do me no good by the way you are reporting to the Emperor.” Gun has always been this cautious. In the 3rd year of Huang Chu (AD222), Gun was made King of Beihai. In the same year, a yellow dragon was spotted in the west of Ye, in River Zhang. Gun wrote a memorial in praise and submitted to court. Emperor Wen issued an edict and awarded Gun 10 jins of gold. The edict read, “In the past, Tang Shu brought auspicious cereal stalks back to his king, King of Tongping Liu Cang wrote an memorial in praise of Han Wudi. These actions are praises given by their immediate family members in order to show the closeness of the family. You are well-versed in the classical ancient texts, fond of speaking the truth and able to speak it eloquently and for that, I admire you. I hope you can always preserve this good attitude for yours.” In the 4th year of Huang Chu (AD223), Gun was made King of Zan. In the 7th year, he was made King of Puyang. In the 2nd year of Tai He (AD 228), Gun moved to Puyang and lived in a simple manner. He taught his wife and concubines on how to make fabrics and clothings. In the winter of Tai He 5th year (AD231), Gun went to the capital. The following year, he was made King of Zhongshan.

In the beginning, Gun returned to the capital without being summoned and broke the rule of authorized entry into the capital. In the 1st year of Qing Long (AD233), officials reported this matter to court. Emperor Ming issued an edict, “King of Puyang was known to have been a respectful and cautious man. Now that he has come to the capital unsummoned, we shall treat this matter as if he has come back to visit his family.” The officials insisted on punishing Gun according to the rules of the states. Emperor Ming had no choice but to reduce Gun’s fief by 2 counties and 750 households. Because of this incident, Gun was worried and scared and he made sure that his subordinates behaved with more caution. Emperor Ming was delighted with his attitude and restored all those that was taken away from him in the 2nd year of Qing Long. Gun fell sick in the 3rd year of Qing Long (AD235). Emperor Ming sent the imperial physician to attend to him and both the General of the Inner Palace and Colonel of Energetic Tigers carried the emperor’s edict to bestow upon Gun tonics and expensive food. Emperor Ming also sent his concubine and King of Pei, Cao Lin to visit Gun. When Gun was critically ill, he told his subordinates,”I have done little, but His Majesty had always treated me well and now, my time is up. All my life, I have been thrifty, however, the court has set a standard procedure for funeral for the country to follow. So when I die, my funeral shall be done according to the court standards. The senior minister of Wei, Qu Yuan is buried in Puyang. I have visited his tomb and I’ve considered him a great man. I feel honoured if I can be buried alongside him. Hence, my tomb should be built near his tomb. The Book of Rites mentioned that, “A man should not die by the hands of a woman.” So, the construction of the Eastern Hall must be completed quickly.” The hall was named Hall of Remembrance when it was completed. Gun, even though he was very ill, moved over to the hall and stayed there. Gun instructed his heir, “You are still young, and do not understand the ways of life. You succeed me at such a young age and will only know how to enjoy and not know how to endure hardships. If you do not know how to endure hardships, you will develop the habit of arrogance and extravagance. When you meet with high ranking officials, you must receive them with the proper conduct. Even if they are not of high ranks, you must also treat the elders with respect. You must treat your elder brothers with respect, and take good care of your younger siblings. If your siblings have done something wrong, you must get close to them and persuade them. If they do not listen, you must weep and try to guide them. If they still do not listen, then you can report the matter to his mother. And if they still do not listen, you can report to His Majesty and request to take away his fiefdom, because those staying close to him will surely be in trouble because of his faults. It will be better for them to stay far away from him and save his own life. All these only applies to grave mistakes. If your siblings only committed minor offences, you should cover up for them. Alas ! You, as a young man, must learn to cultivate yourself. Be loyal to the court and treat the Grand Concubine just like your own mother. You must listen to the Grand Concubine for matters concerning the inner palace and for matters concerning the country, you must ask King of Pei for advice. Do not be negligent and I shall rest in peace. In the same year, Gun passed away. Emperor Ming instructed King of Pei (Lin) to stay in Puyang till Gun is buried. The Grand Herald was assigned to conduct the funeral and a huge amount of condolence money was received. Gun has written a lot of essays, totaling more than 20000 words. Although his talents cannot be compared to Cao Zhi, but his love for literature can be comparable to him. His son, Cao Fu succeeded him. During the reigning years of Jing Chu, Zheng Yuan and Jing Yuan, he was rewarded with more households and had a total of 3400 households.

济阳侯怀王玹，建安十六年封西乡侯。早薨，无子。二十年，以沛王林子赞袭玹爵
邑，早薨，无子。文帝复以赞弟壹绍玹后。黄初二年，改封济阳侯。四年，进爵为公，
太和四年，追进玹爵，谥曰怀公。六年，又进号曰怀王，追谥赞曰西乡哀侯。壹薨，谥
曰悼公。子恒嗣。景初、正元、景元中，累增邑，并前千九百户。

King Huai if Jiyang, Cao Xuan, was made West Marquis of a District in the 16th year of Jian An (AD211). He died early and had no sons. In the 2oth year of Jian An (AD216), Cao Zan, son of King of Pei, Cao Lin, was adopted to succeed Xuan. Zan died early too and had no sons. Emperor Wen then ordered Zan’s brother, Cao Yi to succeed Xuan. In the 2nd year of Huang Chu (AD221), Yi was made Marquis of Jiyang. In the 4th year of Huang Chu (AD223), he was promoted to Prince of Jiyang. In the 4th year of Tai He (AD230), Emperor Ming posthumously promoted Xuan to Prince Huai. In the 6th year, Xuan was made King of Huai and Zan was posthumously made Marquis Ai of Xixiang. Yi died, and was posthumously made Prince Diao. His son, Cao Heng succeeded him. During the reigning years of Jing Chu, Zheng Yuan and Jing Yuan, he was rewarded with more households and had a total of 1900 households.

陈留恭王峻字子安，建安二十一年封郿侯。二十二年，徙封襄邑。黄初二年，进爵
为公。三年，为陈留王。五年，改封襄邑县。太和六年，又封陈留。甘露四年薨。子澳
嗣。景初、正元、景元中，累增邑，并前四千七百户。

King Gong of Chenliu, Cao Jun, stylenamed Zi An, was bestowed the title Marquis of Mei in the 21st year of Jian An (AD216). The following year, he was moved to Xiangyi and made Marquis of Xiangyi. In the 2nd year of Huang Chu (AD221), Jun was promoted to Prince. The following, Jun was promoted to King of Chenliu. In the 5th year of Huang Chu (AD224), Jun was moved to Xiangyi County and made King. In the 6th year of Tai He (AD232), Jun was moved to Chenliu and made King of Chenliu. Jun died in the 4th year of Gan Lu (AD259). His son, Cao Ao succeeded him. During the reigning years of Jing Chu, Zheng Yuan and Jing Yuan, he was rewarded with more households and had a total of 4700 households.

范阳闵王矩，早薨，无子。建安二十二年，以樊安公均子敏奉矩后，封临晋侯。黄
初三年追封谥矩为范阳闵公。五年，改封敏范阳王。七年，徙封句阳，太和六年，追进
矩号曰范阳闵王，改封敏琅邪王。景初、正元、景元中，累增邑，并前三千四百户。敏
薨，谥曰原王。子焜嗣。

King Min of Fanyang, Cao Ju, died early and had no heirs. In the 22nd year of Jian An (AD217), Cao Min, son of Duke of Fan’an, Cao Jun was adopted to continue Ju’s line and was bestowed the title Marquis of Linjin. In the 3rd year of Huang Chu (AD222), Ju was posthumously bestowed the title Prince Min of Fanyang. In the 5th year of Huang Chu, Min was promoted to King of Fanyang. In the 7th year of Huang Chu, Min was moved to Juyang and made King of Juyang. In the 6th year of Tai He (AD232), Ju was posthumously promoted to King Min of Fanyang and Min was made King of Langye. During the reigning years of Jing Chu, Zheng Yuan and Jing Yuan, he was rewarded with more households and had a total of 3400 households. Cao Min died, and was posthumously bestowed the title King of Yuan. His son, Cao Kun succeeded him.

This post has been edited by xu huang: 28 March 2006 - 06:03 AM

[xu huang]

1 1/2 years after my last post in this thread...I'm back with this project !



赵王干，建安二十年封高平亭侯。二十二年，徙封赖亭侯。其年改封弘农侯。黄初
二年，进爵，徙封燕公。三年，为河间王。五年，改封乐城县。七年，徙封巨鹿。太和
六年，改封赵王。干母有宠于太祖。及文帝为嗣，干母有力。文帝临崩，有遗诏，是以
明帝常加恩意。青龙二年，私通宾客，为有司所奏，赐干玺书诫诲之，曰：“《易》称
‘开国承家，小人勿用’，《诗》著‘大车惟尘’之诫。自太祖受命创业，深睹治乱之
源，鉴存亡之机，初封诸侯，训以恭慎之至言，辅以天下之端士，常称马援之遗诫，重
诸侯宾客交通之禁，乃使与犯妖恶同。夫岂以此薄骨肉哉?徒欲使子弟无过失之愆，士
民无伤害之侮耳。高祖践阼，祗慎万机，申著诸侯不朝之令。朕感诗人《常棣》之作，
嘉《采菽》之义，亦缘诏文曰‘若有诏得诣京都’，故命诸王以朝聘之礼。而楚、中山
并犯交通之禁，赵宗、戴捷咸伏其辜。近东平王复使属官殴寿张吏，有司举奏，朕裁削
县。令有司以曹纂、王乔等因九族时节，集会王家，或非其时，皆违禁防。朕惟王幼少
有恭顺之素，加受先帝顾命，欲崇恩礼，延乎后嗣，况近在王之身乎?且自非圣人，孰
能无过?已诏有司宥王之失。古人有言：“戒慎乎其所不睹，恐惧乎其所弗闻，莫见乎
隐，莫显乎微，故君子慎其独焉。’叔父兹率先圣之典，以纂乃先帝之遗命，战战兢兢，
靖恭厥位，称朕意焉。”景初、正元、景元中，累增邑，并前五千户。

King of Zhao, Cao Gan, was appointed as Marquis of Gaoping in the 20th year of Jian An (AD215). In the 22nd year of Jian An (AD217), Gan was re-appointed as Marquis of Lai. Gan was appointed as Marquis of Hongnong in the following year. In the 2nd year of Huang Chu (AD221), Gan was promoted and appointed as Duke of Yan. The following year, Gan was promoted to King of Hejian. In the 5th year of Huang Chu (AD 224), Gan was appointed as King of the Yuecheng Prefecture. In the 7th year of Huang Chu (AD226), Gan was moved to Julu and made King of Julu. In the 6th year of Taihe (AD232), Gan was re-appointed as King of Zhao. Cao Gan’s biological mother, Concubine Wang, was one of Cao Cao’s favorite and had helped Cao Pi become the Crown Prince, and later ascended the throne. When Cao Pi was just about to die, he issued a decree reminding Cao Rui to take good care of them. When Cao Rui succeeds the throne, he often rewards Cao Gan. In the 2nd year of Qinglong (AD234), Cao Gan held secret meetings with other people and was caught.

Cao Rui sends Cao Gan an Imperial edict to remind him, “The Book of Changes stated that “To create a new dynasty, appointing feudal lords, do not use despicable persons.” The Book of Poems stated that “When you use despicable people, your name will be stained.” Since Taizu received the Mandate and secured the foundation of our empire, we understand the basic ways to stop any disorders and to reflect on the opportunities that were to decide success and failure, and that is why we start appointing feudal lords and remind them to be respectful and cautious, and appoint people of good moral conducts to assist them, and constantly be reminded of Ma Yuan’s last words to his sons, and to value the restriction on the communications between guests of the various lords, and those who break the law will receive the same punishment as those who were convicted of superstitious. Are you trying to distance yourself away from us? I am only hoping that our family do not commit any crimes and our people do not get in harm’s way. When Wendi ascended the throne, he cautiously manages the country and insisted that no lords should be allowed to enter the capital without being recalled. I was touched by the poet Chang Li and allowed the various lords to enter the capital to understand the poem Caishu, and I also used the law that allows lords to enter the capital with permission to ask the lords to communicate with each other using the proper conduct. But King of Chu {Biao} and King of Zhongshan {Gun} broke the law of communication and Zhao Zong and Dai Jie punished them accordingly. Recently, King of Dongping {Wei} ordered his subordinates to beat up the local officials of Shouzhang county and the matter was reported. I reduced his number of households. Now, the officials are breaking the law because of Cao Cuan and Wang Jiao making use of the festivities by gathering at Wang Jiao’s house. I had thought that Wang Jiao had always been respectful and filial since young, and had received the late emperor’s will, I had wished to reward him and promote his sons and descendants. However, Wang Jiao is not a saint, and all men are infallible. I have already ordered to pardon Wang Jiao’s misdeeds. Ancient people have said that, “At places where you cannot be seen, you must be more careful. At places where you cannot be heard, you must be more scared. There is no place that is brighter than the dark places and there is no minor details that are obvious.” That is why a gentleman must be more cautious when he lives alone. I hope Uncle will follow the sayings of the ancient men, and respect the will of the late emperor. Be cautious and control your fief well.”

During the reigning years of Jing Chu, Zheng Yuan and Jing Yuan, he was rewarded with more households and had a total of 5000 households.

临邑殇公子上，早薨。太和五年，追封谥。无后。

Prince Shang of Linyi {Cao} Shang, died early and was and was posthumously bestowed the title in the 5th year of Taihe. He had no descendants.

[Ma Su]

Great work, thank you for doing this. Prince Shang was son of Cao Cao or Cao Gan?

This post has been edited by Ma Su: 15 August 2007 - 01:13 AM

[xu huang]

楚王彪宇朱虎。建安二十一年，封寿春侯。黄初二年，进爵，徙封汝阳公。三年，
封弋阳王。其年徙封吴王。五年，改封寿春县。七年，徙封白马。太和五年冬，朝京都。
六年，改封楚。初，彪来朝，犯禁，元年，为有司所奏，诏削县三，户千五百。二年，
大赦，复所削县。景初三年，增户五百，并前三千户。嘉平元年，兖州刺史令狐愚与太
尉王凌谋迎彪都许昌。语在《淩传》。乃遣傅及侍御史就国案验，收治诸相连及者。廷
尉请征彪治罪。于是依汉燕王旦故事，使兼廷尉大鸿胪持节赐彪玺书切责之，使自图焉。
彪乃自杀。妃及诸子皆免为庶人，徙平原。彪之官属以下及监国谒者，坐知情无辅导之
义，皆伏诛。国除为淮南郡。正元元年诏曰：“放楚王彪，背国附奸，身死嗣替，虽自
取之，犹哀矜焉。夫含垢藏疾，亲亲之道也，其封彪世子嘉为常山真定王。”景元年，
增邑，并前二千五百户。

King of Chu, Cao Biao, stylenamed Zhu Hu, was bestowed the title Marquis of Shouchun in the 21st year of Jian An (AD216). In the 2nd year of Huang Chu (AD221), he was moved to Luyang and appointed Duke of Luyang. In the 3rd year of Huang Chu (AD222), he was appointed as King of Geyang. The following year, he was moved to Wu and appointed King of Wu. In the 5th year of Huang Chu (AD224), he was moved to Shouchun and appointed as King of Shouchun. In the 7th year of Huang Chu (AD226), he was moved to Baima and appointed as King of Baima. In the winter of 5th year of Taihe (AD231), he entered the capital without permission. In the 6th year of Taihe (AD232), he was moved to Chu and appointed king of Chu.

When Cao Biao entered the capital without permission, he broke the law of entering without being recalled. In the 1st year of Qinglong (AD233), the matter was reported to the emperor and he was punished by having his counties reduced by 3 and his households reduced by 1500. The following year, the emperor pardoned the whole country and all counties and households that were reduced were returned to Cao Biao.

In the 3rd year of Jingchu (AD239), he was rewarded with 500 households and had a total of 3000 households.

In the 1st year of Jiaping (AD249), Inspector of Gunzhou, Linghu Yu and Grand Commandant Wang Ling conspired to bring Cao Biao to Xuchang and build a capital. (The events are recorded in Wang Ling’s bio). The imperial court sent officials to Chu to investigate, collect evidence and capture the suspects. After the investigation, Cao Biao was found guilty and the Commandant of Justice asked the emperor to issue a decree to punish Cao Biao. Referring to King of Yan, Liu Dan’ rebellion during the Han Dynasty, the imperial court ordered the Commandant of Justice and Grand Herald, armed with an imperial court order to present a decree admonishing Cao Biao and ordered him to commit suicide. Cao Biao obliged and committed suicide. His wife and children were demoted to civilians and moved to Pingyuan. All the other Chu officials and the court’s guardians were executed based on the charge of knowing the incident, but did not persuade Cao Biao. Chu was disbanded and placed under Huainan Prefecture.

In the 1st year of Zhengyuan (AD254), a decree was issued. It read,”The Late King of Chu, betrayed the country and collaborated with criminals and it resulted in his death and his fief disbanded. Although he had asked for it, I still feel sad about what had happened. To tolerate shortcomings and to hide mistakes are our ways of loving our family. Therefore, I bestow the son of Cao Biao, Cao Jia as King Zhending of Changshan.” In the 1st year of Jingyuan (AD260), he was rewarded with more households and had a total of 2500 households.

刚殇公子勤，早薨。太和五年追封谥。无后。

Prince Shang of Gang {Cao} Qin, died early and was posthumously bestowed the title in the 5th year of Taihe. He had no descendants.

This post has been edited by xu huang: 15 August 2007 - 02:25 AM

[xu huang]

Ma Su, on Aug 15 2007, 02:02 PM, said:

Great work, thank you for doing this. Prince Shang was son of Cao Cao or Cao Gan?

Cao Shang was son of Cao Cao. All those listed are the sons of Cao Cao. The sons of the individual lords are mentioned together in the bio of each lords, not in a separate account.

Thanks for your encourgement.

[xu huang]

谷城殇公子乘，早薨。太和五年追封谥。无后。

Prince Shang of Gucheng {Cao} Cheng died early and was posthumously bestowed the title in the 5th year of Taihe. He had no descendants.

郿戴公子整，奉从叔父郎中绍后。建安二十二年，封郿侯。二十三年薨。无子。黄初二年追进爵，谥曰戴公。以彭城王据子范奉整后。三年，封平氏侯。四年，徙封成武。太和三年，进爵为公。青龙三年薨。谥曰悼公。无后。四年，诏以范弟东安乡公阐为郿公，奉整后。正元、景元中，累增邑，并前千八百户。

Prince Meidai {Cao} Zheng, was transferred to the line of his uncle Gentleman of the Palace, Cao Shao. In the 22th year of Jian An (AD217), he was appointed as Marquis of Mei. He died the following year and he had no descendants. In the 2nd year of Huang Chu (AD221), he was posthumously bestowed the title of Duke of Dai. Cao Fan, son of King of Pengcheng Cao Ju, was ordered to continue the line of Cao Zheng. In the 3rd year of Huang Chu (AD222), Cao Fan was appointed Marquis of Pingshi. In the following year, he was moved to Chengwu and appointed Marquis of Chengwu. In the 3rd year of Taihe (AD229), he was promoted to Duke of Cheng. He died in the 3rd year of Qinglong (AD235) and was posthumously bestowed as Duke of Diao. He had no descendants. In the following year, Emperor Ming ordered Cao Fan’s younger brother, Duke Xiang of Dong’an Cao Chan to continue the line of Cao Zheng and was appointed Duke of Mei. In the 1st years of Zhengyuan and Jingyuan, he was rewarded with more households and had a total of 1800 households.

灵殇公子京，早薨。太和五年追封谥。无后。

Prince Shang of Ling {Cao} Jing died early and was posthumously bestowed the title in the 5th year of Taihe. He had no descendants.

This post has been edited by xu huang: 15 August 2007 - 02:30 AM

[xu huang]

樊安公均，奉叔父蓟恭公彬后。建安二十二年，封樊侯。二十四年薨。子抗嗣。黄初二年，追进公爵，谥曰安公。三年，徙封抗蓟公。四年，徙封屯留公。景初元年薨，谥曰定公。子谌嗣。景初、正元、景元中，累增邑，并前千九百户。

Duke An {Cao} of Fan, Jun, was transferred to the line of his uncle King Gong of Su, Cao Bin. In the 22th year of Jian An (AD217), he was appointed as Marquis of Fan. He died in the 24th year of Jian An (AD217). His son, Cao Kang succeeded him. In the 2nd year of Huang Chu (AD221), Cao Jun was posthumously promoted and bestowed as Duke An. In the 3rd year of Huang Chu (AD222), Cao Kang was moved to Su and appointed as Duke of Su. In the 4th year of Huang Chu (AD223), he was moved to Tunliu and appointed as Duke of Tunliu. Cao Kang died in the 1st year of Jingchu (AD237) and was posthumously bestowed as Duke of Ding. His son, Cao Chen succeeded him. During the reigning years of Jing Chu, Zheng Yuan and Jing Yuan, he was rewarded with more households and had a total of 1900 households.

广宗殇公子棘，早薨。太和五年追封谥。无后。

Prince Shang of Guangzong {Cao} Ji died early and was posthumously bestowed the title in the 5th year of Taihe. He had no descendants.

[xu huang]

东平灵王徽，奉叔父朗陵哀侯玉后。建安二十二年，封历城侯。黄初二年，进爵为公。三年，为庐江王。四年，徙封寿张王。五年，改封寿张县。太和六年，改封东平。青龙二年，徽使官属挝寿张县吏，为有司所奏。诏削县一，户五百。其年复所削县。正始三年薨。子翕嗣。景初、正元、景元中，累增邑，并前三千四百户。

King Ling of Dongping {Cao} Wei, was transferred to the line of his uncle Marquis Ai of Langling, Cao Yu. In the 22th year of Jian An (AD217), he was appointed as Marquis of Licheng. In the 2nd year of Huang Chu(AD221), he was promoted to Duke. The following year, he was promoted to King of Lujiang. In the 4th year of Huang Chu (AD223), he was appointed as King of Shouzhang. The following year, he moved to Shouzhang County. In the 6th year of Tai He (AD232), he moved to Dongping and appointed King of Dongping. In the 2nd year of Qing Long (AD234), Cao Wei ordered his subordinates to beat up the local County Magistrate of Shouzhang and the matter was reported to the imperial court by officials. Emperor Ming ordered his fief reduced by 1 county and 500 households. In the following year, it was returned to him. Cao Wei died in the 3rd year of Zheng Shi (AD242). His son, Cao Xi succeeded him. During the reigning years of Jing Chu, Zheng Yuan and Jing Yuan, he was rewarded with more households and had a total of 3400 households.

乐陵王茂，建安二十二年封万岁亭侯。二十三年，改封平舆侯。黄初三年，进爵，
徙封乘氏公。七年，徙封中丘。茂性慠佷，少无宠于太祖。及文帝世，又独不王。太和
元年，徙封聊城公，其年为王。诏曰：“昔象之为虐至甚，而大舜犹侯之有庳。近汉氏
淮南、阜陵，皆为乱臣逆子，而犹或及身而复国，或至于而锡土。有虞建之于上古，汉
文、明、章行之乎前代，斯皆敦叙亲亲之厚义也。聊城公茂少不闲礼教，长不务善道。
先帝以为古之立诸候也，皆命贤者，故姬姓有未必侯者，是以独不王茂。太皇太后数以
为言，如闻茂顷来少知悔昔之非，欲修善将来。君子与其进，不保其往也。今封茂为聊
城王，以慰太皇太后下流之念。”六年，改封曲阳王。
正始三年，东平灵王薨，茂称嗌痛，不肯发哀，居处出入自若。有司奏除国土，诏
削县一，户五百。五年，徙封乐陵，诏以茂租奉少，诸子多，复所削户，又增户七百。
嘉平、正元、景元中，累增邑，并前五千户。

King Leling {Cao} Mao, was appointed as Marquis of a Commune of Wansui in the 22th year of Jian An (AD217). The following year, he moved to Pingyu and was appointed Marquis of Pingyu. In the 3rd year of Huang Chu (AD222), he was promoted, moved to Chengshi and appointed Duke of Chengshi. In the 7th year of Huang Chu (AD226), he moved to Zhongqiu and appointed Duke of Zhongqiu. Cao Mao was arrogant and vicious by nature and was not liked by Taizu. Even when Emperor Wen ascended the throne, he was the only one who was not appointed as King. In the 1st year of Tai He (AD227), he moved to Liaocheng and was appointed Duke of Liaocheng. In the following year, he was appointed King of Liaocheng. Emperor Ming issued a decree. It read:”In the past, Xiang was very vicious and yet Emperor Shun appointed him as Marquis of Youbi. In the recent times, during the Han dynasty, both King of Huainan, Liu An and King of Fuling, Liu Yan are rebels and yet they or their descendants are able to restore their own fiefs. Both Emperor Shun of the ancient times and Emperor Wen, Emperor Ming of the Han Dynasty have displayed very close bonds to their family. Duke of Liaocheng, Cao Mao did not pay much attention to propriety since young and when he grew up, he committed sins. The Late Emperor Wen insisted that when appointed feudal lords, one must choose men who are morally upright. That is why during the Zhou Dynasty, not all people who are surnamed Ji are appointed as feudal lords, and that is also why Cao Mao was not appointed as King. The Empress Dowager was sad about this and would mention this matter occasionally. Recently, she had heard that Cao Mao is behaving very well and showed signs of remorse. A gentleman will reward a man due to his willingness to change and not pursue the past. Now, I appoint Cao Mao as King of Liaocheng, so as to show Empress Dowager’s love for her sons and descendants.” In the 6th year of Tai He (AD232), he was appointed King of Quyang.

In the 3rd year of Zheng Shi (AD242), King Ling of Dongping, Cao Wei died. Cao Mao falsely claimed that he had a sore throat and did not attend the funeral. However, he lived and moved as normal. Officials reported the matter to the imperial court and asked that his fiefdom be disbanded. Emperor Qi ordered his fief be reduced by 1 county and 500 households. In the 5th year of Zheng Shi (AD244), he moved to Leling and appointed as King of Leling. Emperor Qi saw that the income of Cao Mao’s fiefdom was too little and he had a big family., so he returned the confiscated property back to Cao Mao and increased his fiefdom by another 700 households. During the reigning years of Jia Ping, Zheng Yuan and Jing Yuan, he was rewarded with more households and had a total of 5000 households.

All done...

[memeo]

Hmm.. where should i begin to read... very nice Xu Huang, thank you for your contribution..
I think in SGYY, most of Cao Cao son didn't ever mention in the novel. just some of them were mentioned. Like Cao Pi, Cao Zhang, Cao Rui, and Cao Zhong.. and the rest of them didn't

[Ma Su]

I liked the Cao Mao most of all, he sounds like an intresting bloke. Excellent work