[General_Zhaoyun]

Complete List of Rulers in Chinese History

In general, before 221 BC, all Chinese rulers were known as Kings or Wang (王). But after 221 BC, Chinese rulers came to be known as Emperor or Huangdi (皇帝). The Chinese emperor is greater than a king and has absolute supreme authority and power over the whole of the empire. This system lasted till 1911, when the last Qing dynasty ended.

All the Chinese rulers, from “5 emperors” period till Qing dynasty, are listed below. They are in the general format as shown:

[Ruler’s title], [Ruler’s Name], [Ruler’s reign], [Period of Rule], [Portraits if any]

Because Chinese history records only started from 841 BC, the years of reign for rulers before that cannot be accurately determined. Therefore, they are not shown.

For detail information on Chinese ruler’s title and their naming convention, please refer to http://chinaknowledg...ory/titles.html

If you can read chinese, you can also refer to
http://www.ccnt.com/...view/review.htm for more information on 'reign', 'ruler's name', 'period of rule' etc. For those delving into chinese history sources, you should know the ruler's reign, ruler's title and name, as they were used to record the timelines in history texts of the past.

Here are some translation for english-chinese bilingual references:

"Ruler's Title", "Temple Name"- Miaohao 庙号 or Chenhao 称号
"Ruler's Name" - Mingzi 名字 or Dingwang Xingming 帝王姓名
"Ruler's Reign" or "Era Name"- Nianhao 年号
"Period of Rule" - Jinian 纪年 or Zai Wei Nian 在位年
"Posthumous Name" - Shihao 谥号

For feudal lord ranks (esp. Spring/Autumn period):

Gong 公 - Duke
Hou 侯 - Marquis or Duke
Bo 伯 - Count
Zi 子 - Viscount
Nan 男 - Baron

This post has been edited by General_Zhaoyun: 16 May 2005 - 11:11 AM

[General_Zhaoyun]

Legendary Rulers

The 3 clans-rulers or 3 'Huang' (三皇) [approx. 5000-2500 BC]

Suiren Clan (燧人氏) [Fire clan]
Fuxi Clan (伏羲氏) [Fisherman clan]
Shennong Clan (神农氏) [Farmers clan]


The 5 Emperors or 5 'Di' (五帝) [approx. 2600 BC – 2100 BC]

Huangdi (黄帝), (Portrait)
Zhuanxu (颛顼)
Diku (帝喾)
Yao (尧)
Shun (舜)

This post has been edited by General_Zhaoyun: 15 July 2005 - 10:47 AM

[General_Zhaoyun]

Xia Dynasty (夏) [2100 BC – 1600 BC]

Yu (禹)
Qi (启)
Taikang (太康)
Zhongkang (仲康)
Xiang (相)
Shaokang (少康)
Zhu (杼)
Huai (槐)
Mang (芒)
Xie (泄)
Buxiang (不降)
Jiong (扃)
Jin (廑)
Kongjia (孔甲)
Gao (皋)
Fa (发)
Jie (桀)

[General_Zhaoyun]

Shang Dynasty (商) [1600 BC – 1066 BC]

Format: [Ruler’s Title], [Ruler’s Name if any]

Shang Tang (汤)
Wai Bing (外丙)
Zhong Ren (仲壬)
Tai Jia (太甲)
Wo Ding (沃丁)
Tai Geng (太庚)
Xiao Jia (小甲)
Yong Ji (雍己)
Tai Wu (太戊)
Zhong Ding (仲丁)
Wai Ren (外壬)
He Dan Jia (河亶甲)
Zu Yi (祖乙)
Zu Xin (祖辛)
Wo Jia (沃甲)
Zu Ding (祖丁)
Nan Geng (南庚)
Yang Jia (阳甲)
Pan Geng (盘庚) *
Xiao Xin (小辛)
Xiao Yi (小乙)
Wu Ding (武丁)
Zu Geng (祖庚)
Zu Jia (祖甲)
Lin Xin (廪辛)
Kang Ding (康丁)
Wu Ding (武丁)
Tai Ding (太丁), Wen Ding (文丁)
Di Yi (帝乙)
Zhou (纣), Xin (辛)

* - Pan Geng moved the capital to Yin (殷) city and from then on, Shang was called Yin dynasty

[General_Zhaoyun]

Zhou Dynasty (周) [1066 BC – 256 BC]

Note that "Wang" means king or prince in chinese. All rulers in Zhou dynasty are kings. In chinese, "Wang" is put at the back of each ruler's title, instead of the front. So "Zhou Wuwang" can be translated as King Zhou Wu.

Western Zhou (西周) [1066 BC – 771 BC]

Format: [Ruler’s Title], [Ruler’s Name], [Period of Rule if any]

Zhou Wuwang (周武王), Ji Fa (姬发)
Zhou Chengwang (周成王), Ji Song (姬诵)
Zhou Kangwang (周康王), Ji Zhao (姬钊)
Zhou Zhaowang (周昭王), Ji Xia (姬瑕)
Zhou Muwang (周穆王), Ji Man (姬满)
Zhou Gongwang (周共王), Ji Yihu (姬繄扈)
Zhou Yiwang (周懿王), Ji Jian (姬囏)
Zhou Xiaowang (周孝王), Ji Bifang (姬辟方)
Zhou Yiwang (周夷王), Ji Xie (姬燮)
Zhou Liwang (周厉王), Ji Hu (姬胡)
[Gong He] (共和), 841 BC – 827 BC
Zhou Xuanwang (周宣王), Ji Jin (姬静), 827 BC – 780 BC
Zhou Youwang (周幽王), Ji Gongsheng (姬宫湦), 781 BC – 771 BC


Eastern Zhou (东周) [1066 BC – 771 BC]

Format: [Ruler’s Title], [Ruler’s Name], [Period of Rule]

Zhou Pingwang (周平王), Ji Yijiu (姬宜臼), 770 BC – 718 BC
Zhou Huanwang (周桓王), Ji Lin (姬林), 719 BC – 697 BC
Zhou Zhuangwang (周庄王), Ji Tuo (姬佗), 696 BC – 682 BC
Zhou Xiwang (周釐王), Ji Huqi (姬胡齐), 681 BC – 677 BC
Zhou Huiwang (周惠王), Ji Lang (姬阆), 676 BC – 652 BC
Zhou Xiangwang (周襄王), Ji Zheng (姬郑), 651 BC – 619 BC
Zhou Qingwang (周顷王), Ji Renchen (姬壬臣), 618 BC – 613 BC
Zhou Kuangwang (周匡王), Ji Ban (姬班), 612 BC – 607 BC
Zhou Dingwang (周定王), Ji Yu (姬瑜), 606 BC – 586 BC
Zhou Jianwang (周简王), Ji Yi (姬夷), 585 BC – 572 BC
Zhou Lingwang (周灵王), Ji Xiexing (姬泄心), 571 BC – 545 BC
Zhou Jingwang (周景王), Ji Gui (姬贵), 544 BC – 521 BC
Zhou Daowang (周悼王), Ji Meng (姬猛), 520 BC – 520 BC
Zhou Jingwang (周敬王), Ji Gai (姬匄), 519 BC – 476 BC
Zhou Yuanwang (周元王), Ji Ren (姬仁), 475 BC – 469 BC
Zhou Zhengdingwang (周贞定王), Ji Jie (姬介), 468 BC – 442 BC
Zhou Aiwang (周哀王), Ji Quji (姬去疾), 441 BC – 441 BC
Zhou Kaowang (周考王), Ji Wei (姬嵬), 440 BC – 426 BC
Zhou Weiliewang (周威烈王), Ji Wu (姬午), 425 BC – 402 BC
Zhou Anwang (周安王), Ji Jiao (姬骄), 401 BC – 376 BC
Zhou Liewang (周烈王), Ji Xi (姬喜), 375 BC – 369 BC
Zhou Xianwang (周显王), Ji Bian (姬扁), 368 BC – 321 BC
Zhou Shenjingwang (周慎靓王), Ji Ding (姬定), 320 BC – 315 BC
Zhou Nanwang (周赧王), Ji Yan (姬延), 314 BC – 256 BC

For details of Zhou Dynasty Feudal lords (including Spring/Autumn and Warring states Period), please refer to http://chinaknowledg...eudallords.html

[General_Zhaoyun]

Qin Empire (秦帝国) [221 BC – 206 BC]

In 256 BC, Qin conquered Zhou and in 221 BC, King Qin Wangzheng (秦王政) [or Ying zheng 嬴政 ] unified China into the 1st empire. He proclaimed himself as emperor and changed his title to Shihuangdi (始皇帝), which means “1st emperor”. He was more notably known as Qinshihuang (秦始皇), which means “1st emperor of Qin”.

Note that "Di" in chinese means emperor. Like "wang", it is put at the back of each ruler's title. Thus, Shihuangdi is translated as Emperor Shihuang.


Format: [Ruler’s title], [Ruler’s Name], [Period of Rule], [Portraits if any]

Qin Zhaoxiangwang (秦昭襄王), Ying Ze (嬴则), 306 BC – 251 BC
Qin Xiaowenwang (秦孝文王), Ying Zhu (嬴柱), 250 BC – 250 BC
Qin Zhuangxiangwang (秦庄襄王), Ying Zichu (嬴子楚), 249 BC – 247 BC
--
Shihuangdi (始皇帝), Ying Zheng (嬴政), 246 BC – 210 BC, (Portrait)
Qin Ershi (秦二世), Hu Hai (胡亥), 209 BC – 207 BC
- , Zi Ying (子婴), 207 BC – 206 BC

[General_Zhaoyun]

Han Dynasty (汉) [206 BC – 220 AD]


Western Han (西汉)[206 BC – 25 AD]

Includes Wang Mang (王莽) [ 9 -23 AD] and Gengshidi (更始帝)[ 23-25 AD]

Format: [Ruler’s title], [Ruler’s Name], [Period of Rule], [Portraits if any]

Han Gaozu (汉高祖), Liu Bang (刘邦), 206 BC – 195 BC, (Portraits)
Han Huidi (汉惠帝), Liu Ying (刘盈), 194 BC – 188 BC
Gaohou (高后), Lü Zhi (吕雉), 187 BC – 180 BC [Liu Gong (劉恭), and Liu Hong (劉弘)]
Han Wendi (汉文帝), Liu Heng (刘恒), 179 BC – 157 BC
Han Jingdi (汉景帝), Liu Qi (刘启), 156 BC – 141 BC
Han Wudi (汉武帝), Liu Che (刘彻), 140 BC – 87 BC
Han Zhaodi (汉昭帝), Liu Fuling (刘弗陵), 86 BC – 74 BC
Han Xuandi (汉宣帝), Liu Xun (刘询), 73 BC – 49 BC
Han Yuandi (汉元帝), Liu Shi (刘奭), 48 BC – 33 BC
Han Chengdi (汉成帝), Liu Ao (刘骜), 32 BC – 7 BC
Han Aidi (汉哀帝), Liu Xin (刘欣), 6 BC – 1 BC
Han Pingdi (汉平帝), Liu Kan (刘衎), 1 -5 AD
Han Ruzi (汉孺子), Liu Ying (刘婴), 6 - 8 AD
Wang Mang (王莽), 9 -23 AD [Xin 新 dynasty]
Gengshidi (更始帝), Liu Xuan (刘玄), 23-25 AD


Eastern Han (东汉)[25 – 220 AD]

Format: [Ruler’s title], [Ruler’s Name], [Period of Rule]

Han Guangwudi (汉光武帝), Liu Xiu (刘秀), 25-57 AD
Han Mingdi (汉明帝), Liu Zhuang (刘庄), 58-75 AD
Han Zhangdi (汉章帝), Liu Da (刘炟), 76 – 88 AD
Han Hedi (汉和帝), Liu Zhao (刘肇), 89 – 105 AD
Han Shangdi (汉殇帝), Liu Long (刘隆), 106 AD
Han Andi (汉安帝), Liu Hu (刘祜), 107 – 125 AD
Han Shaodi (汉少帝), Liu Yi (刘懿), 125 AD
Han Shundi (汉顺帝), Liu Bao (刘保), 126 – 144 AD
Han Chongdi (汉冲帝), Liu Bing (刘炳), 145 AD
Han Zhidi (汉质帝), Liu Zuan (刘缵), 146 AD
Han Huandi (刘桓帝), Liu Zhi (刘志), 147 – 167 AD
Han Lingdi (汉灵帝), Liu Hong (刘宏), 168 – 189 AD
Han Shaodi (汉少帝), Liu Bian (刘辩), 189 AD
Han Xiandi (汉献帝), Liu Xie (刘协), 189 – 220 AD

[General_Zhaoyun]

3 Kingdoms (三国) [ 220 – 280 AD]


Wei (魏) [220 – 265 AD]

Format: [Ruler’s title], [Ruler’s Name], [Period of Rule]

Emperor Wendi (文帝), Cao Pi (曹丕), 220 – 226 AD
Emperor Mingdi (明帝), Cao Rui (曹叡), 227 – 239 AD
Emperor Qiwang (齐王), Cao Fang (曹芳), 240 – 254 AD
Emperor Gaogui Xianggong (高贵乡公), Cao Mao (曹髦), 254 – 260 AD
Emperor Yuandi (元帝), Cao Huan (曹奂), 260 – 265 AD


Shu (蜀) [221 – 263 AD]

Format: [Ruler’s title], [Ruler’s Name], [Period of Rule]

Zhaoliedi (昭烈帝), Liu Bei (刘备), 221 – 223 AD
Emperor Houzhu (后主), Liu Shan (刘禅), 223 – 263 AD


Wu (吴) [222 – 280 AD]

Format: [Ruler’s title], [Ruler’s Name], [Period of Rule]

Emperor Dadi (大帝), Sun Quan (孙权), 222 – 252 AD
Emperor Kuaiji Wang (会稽王), Sun Liang (孙亮), 252 – 258 AD
Emperor Jingdi (景帝), Sun Xiu (孙休), 258 – 264 AD
Emperor Wucheng Hou (乌程侯), Sun Hao (孙皓), 264 – 280 AD

[General_Zhaoyun]

Jin Dynasty (晋) [265 – 420 AD]


Western Jin (西晋) [265 – 317 AD]

Format: [Ruler’s title], [Ruler’s Name], [Period of Rule]

Jin Wudi (晋武帝), Sima Yan (司马炎), 265 – 290 AD
Jin Huidi (晋惠帝), Sima Zhong (司马衷), 290 -306 AD
Jin Huaidi (晋怀帝), Sima Chi (司马炽), 307 – 313 AD
Jin Mindi (晋愍帝), Sima Ye (司马邺), 313 – 317 AD



Eastern Jin (东晋) [317 – 420 AD]

Format: [Ruler’s title], [Ruler’s Name], [Period of Rule]

Jin Yuandi (晋元帝), Sima Rui (司马睿), 317 – 323 AD
Jin Mingdi (晋明帝), Sima Shao (司马绍), 323 – 326 AD
Jin Chengdi (晋成帝), Sima Yan (司马衍), 336 – 342 AD
Jin Kangdi (晋康帝), Sima Yue (司马岳), 345 – 361 AD
Jin Mudi (晋穆帝), Sima Dan (司马聃), 345 – 361 AD
Jin Aidi (晋哀帝), Sima Pi (司马丕), 362 – 365 AD
Hai Xigong (海西公), Sima Yi (司马奕), 366 – 371 AD
Jian Wendi (简文帝), Sima Yu (司马昱), 371 – 372 AD
Xiao Wudi (孝武帝), Sima Yao (司马曜), 373 – 396 AD
Jin Andi (晋安帝), Sima Dezong (司马德宗), 397 – 418 AD
Jin Gongdi (晋恭帝), Sima Dewen (司马徳文), 419 – 420 AD

[General_Zhaoyun]

16 Kingdoms (十六国) [304 – 439 AD]

Format: [Kingdom’s name], [Founder’s Name], [Kingdom’s existence period]

Previous Zhao (前赵), Liu Yuan (刘渊), 304-329 AD
Cheng (成), Li Xiong (李雄), 304 – 347 AD
Previous Liang (前凉), Zhang Shi (张寔), 317 -376 AD
Later Zhao (后赵), Shi Le (石勒), 319 – 351 AD
Previous Yan (前燕), Murong Huang (慕容皝), 337 – 370 AD
Previous Qin (前秦), Fu Hong (苻洪), 350 – 394 AD
Later Yan (后燕), Murong Chui (慕容垂), 384 – 407 AD
Western Qin (西秦), Qifu Guoren (乞伏国仁), 385 – 431 AD
Later Liang (后凉), Lü Guang (吕光), 386 – 403 AD
Southern Liang (南凉), Tufa Wugu (秃发乌孤), 397 – 414 AD
Southern Yan (南燕), Murong De (慕容德), 398 – 410 AD
Western Liang (西凉), Li Gao (李暠), 400 – 421 AD
Xia (夏), Helian Bobo (赫连勃勃), 407 – 431 AD
Northern Yan (北燕), Feng Ba (冯跋), 409 – 439 AD
Northern Liang (北凉), Juqu Mengxun (沮渠蒙逊), 397 – 439 AD

For details on the emperors and rulers of 16 kingdoms, please refer to
http://www.chinahist...p?showtopic=769

[General_Zhaoyun]

Northern and Southern Dynasties (南北朝) [420 – 589 AD]



Southern Dynasty – Song (南朝 – 宋) [420 – 479 AD]

Format: [Ruler’s title], [Ruler’s Name], [Period of Rule]

Wudi (武帝), Liu Yu (刘裕), 420 – 422 AD
Shaodi (少帝), Liu Yifu (刘义符), 423 – 424 AD
Wendi (文帝), Liu Yilong (刘义隆), 421 – 453 AD
Xiaowudi (孝武帝), Liu Jun (刘骏), 454 -456 AD
Qian Feidi (前废帝), Liu Ziye (刘子业), 465 AD
Mingdi (明帝), Liu Yu (刘彧), 465 – 472 AD
Hou Feidi (后废帝), Liu Yu (刘昱), 473 -477 AD
Shundi (顺帝), Liu Zhun (刘準), 477 – 479 AD


Southern Dynasty – Qi (南朝 – 齐) [479 – 502 AD]

Format: [Ruler’s title], [Ruler’s Name], [Period of Rule]

Gaodi (高帝), Xiao Daocheng (萧道成), 479 – 482 AD
Wudi (武帝), Xiao Ze (萧赜), 483 – 493 AD
Yulinwang (郁林王), Xiao Zhaoye (萧昭业), 494 AD
Hailingwang (海陵王), Xiao Zhaowen (萧昭文), 494 AD
Mingdi (明帝), Xiao Luan (萧鸾), 494 - 498 AD
Donghunhou (东昏侯), Xiao Baojuan (萧宝卷), 499 – 501 AD
Hedi (和帝), Xiao Baorong (萧宝融), 501 – 502 AD


Southern Dynasty – Liang (南朝 – 梁) [502 – 557 AD]

Format: [Ruler’s title], [Ruler’s Name], [Period of Rule]

Wudi (武帝), Xiao Yan (萧衍), 502 -549 AD
Jianwendi (简文帝), Xiao Gang (萧纲), 550 – 551 AD
Yuandi (元帝), Xiao Yi (萧绎), 552 – 555 AD
Jingdi (敬帝), Xiao Fangzhi (萧方智), 555 – 557 AD


Southern Dynasty – Chen (南朝 – 陈) [557 – 589 AD]

Format: [Ruler’s title], [Ruler’s Name], [Period of Rule]

Wudi (武帝), Chen Baxian (陈霸先), 557 – 559 AD
Wendi (文帝), Chen Qian (陈蒨), 560 – 566 AD
Feidi (废帝), Chen Bozong (陈伯宗), 567-568 AD
Xuandi (宣帝), Chen Xu (陈顼), 569 – 582 AD
Houzhu (后主), Chen Shubao (陈叔宝), 583 – 589 AD

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Northern Dynasty – Northern Wei (北朝-北魏) [386 – 534 AD]

Northern Wei was established in 386 AD by Tuoba Xianbei. In 439 AD, Northern Wei conquered Northern Liang and unified North China. After a sinification program during Xiao Wendi’s time, the clan’s name was changed from Tuoba to Yuan.

Format: [Ruler’s title], [Ruler’s Name], [Period of Rule]

Daowudi (道武帝), Tuoba Gui (拓跋珪), 386 – 409 AD
Mingyuandi (明元帝), Tuoba Si (拓跋嗣), 409 – 423 AD
Taiwudi (太武帝), Tuoba Tao (拓跋焘), 424 – 452 AD
Wenchengdi (文成帝), Tuoba Jun (拓跋濬), 452 – 465 AD
Xianwendi (献文帝), Tuoba Hong (拓跋弘), 465-471 AD
Xiaowendi (孝文帝), Tuoba Hong/Yuan Hong (拓跋宏/元宏), 471 – 499 AD
Xuanwudi (宣武帝), Yuan Ke (元恪), 500 – 515 AD
Xiaomingdi (孝明帝), Yuan Xu (元诩), 516 – 528 AD
Xiaozhuangdi (孝庄帝), Yuan Ziyou (元子攸), 528 – 530 AD
Changguang Wang (长广王), Yuan Ye (元晔), 530 – 531 AD
Jiemindi (节闵帝), Yuan Gong (元恭), 531 AD
Anding Wang (安定王), Yuan Lang (元朗), 531 AD
Xiaowudi (孝武帝), Yuan Xiu (元修), 532 – 534 AD


Northern Dynasty – Eastern Wei (北朝 – 东魏) [ 534 – 550 AD]

Format: [Ruler’s title], [Ruler’s Name], [Period of Rule]

Xiaojingdi (孝静帝), Yuan Shanjian (元善见), 534 – 550 AD


Northern Dynasty – Western Wei (北朝 – 西魏) [ 535 – 556 AD]

Format: [Ruler’s title], [Ruler’s Name], [Period of Rule]

Wendi (文帝), Yuan Baoju (元宝炬), 535 – 551 AD
Feidi (废帝), Yuan Qin (元钦), 552 – 554 AD
Gongdi (恭帝), Yuan Kuo (元廓), 554 – 556 AD


North Dynasty – Northern Qi (北朝 – 北齐) [ 550 – 577 AD]

Format: [Ruler’s title], [Ruler’s Name], [Period of Rule]

Wenxuandi (文宣帝), Gao Yang (高洋), 550 – 559 AD
Feidi (废帝), Gao Yin (高殷), 560 AD
Xiaozhaodi (孝昭帝), Gao Yan (高演), 560 -561 AD
Wuchengdi (武成帝), Gao Zhan (高湛), 561 -565 AD
Houzhu (后主), Gao Wei (高纬), 565 - 577 AD
Youzhu (幼主), Gao Heng (高恒), 577 AD


North Dynasty – Northern Zhou (北朝 - 北周) [557 – 581 AD]

Format: [Ruler’s title], [Ruler’s Name], [Period of Rule]

Mindi (愍帝), Yuwen Jue (宇文觉), 557 AD
Mingdi (明帝), Yuwen Yu (宇文毓), 557 – 560 AD
Wudi (武帝), Yuwen Yong (宇文邕), 561 – 578 AD
Xuandi (宣帝), Yuwen Yun (宇文赟), 579 AD
Jingdi (静帝), Yuwem Chan (宇文阐), 579 – 581 AD

[General_Zhaoyun]

Sui Dynasty (隋) [581 – 618 AD]

Sui was established in 581 AD, in 589 AD conquered Chen and unified China

Format: [Ruler’s title], [Ruler’s Name], [Period of Rule]

Sui Wendi (隋文帝), Yang Jian (杨坚), 581 – 604 AD
Sui Yangdi (隋炀帝), Yang Guang (杨广), 605 – 617 AD
Sui Gongdi (隋恭帝), Yang You (杨侑), 617 – 618 AD
Huang Taidi (皇泰帝), Yang Tong (杨侗), 618 – 619 AD

[General_Zhaoyun]

Tang Dynasty (唐) [ 618 – 907 AD]

Format: [Ruler’s title], [Ruler’s Name], [Period of Rule], [Portrait if any]

Emperor Tang Gaozu (唐高祖), Li Yuan (李渊), 618 – 626 AD
Emperor Tang Taizong (唐太宗), Li Shimin (李世民), 627 – 649 AD, (Portrait 1, Portrait 2)
Emperor Tang Gaozong (唐高宗), Li Zhi (李治), 650 – 683 AD
Emperor Tang Zhongzong (唐中宗), Li Xian (李显), 683 – 684 AD
Emperor Tang Ruizong (唐睿宗), Li Dan (李旦), 684 AD
Wu Zetian (武则天) or Zetian Hou (则天后), Wu Zhao (武曌), 684 – 690 AD
Empress Wu Zetian (武则天), Wu Zhao (武曌), 690 – 704 AD ( country name changed to Zhou, Wu Zetian proclaimed empress), (Portrait)
Emperor Tang Zhongzong (唐中宗), Li Xian (李显), 705 – 710 AD (country name changed back to Tang)
Emperor Tang Ruizong (唐睿宗), Li Dan (李旦), 710 – 712 AD
Emperor Tang Xuanzong (唐玄宗), Li Longji (李隆基), 712 – 756 AD, (Portrait)
Emperor Tang Suzong (唐肃宗), Li Heng (李亨), 756 – 761 AD
Emperor Tang Daizong (唐代宗), Li Yu (李豫), 762 – 779 AD
Emperor Tang Dezong (唐徳宗), Li Shi (李适), 780 – 805 AD, (Portrait)
Emperor Tang Shunzong (唐顺宗), Li Song (李诵), 805 AD
Emperor Tang Xianzong (唐宪宗), Li Chun (李纯), 806 – 820 AD, (Portrait)
Emperor Tang Muzong (唐穆宗), Li Heng (李恒), 821 – 824 AD
Emperor Tang Jingzong (唐敬宗), Li Zhan (李湛), 825 – 827 AD
Emperor Tang Wenzong (唐文宗), Li Ang (李昂), 827 – 840 AD
Emperor Tang Wuzong (唐武宗), Li Yan (李炎), 841 – 846 AD, (Portrait)
Emperor Tang Xuanzong (唐宣宗), Li Chen (李忱), 847 – 859 AD, (Portrait)
Emperor Tang Yizong (唐懿宗), Li Cui (李凗), 859 -874 AD
Emperor Tang Xizong (唐僖宗), Li Xuan (李儇), 874 – 888 AD
Emperor Tang Zhaozong (唐昭宗), Li Ye (李晔), 889 – 904 AD
Emperor Zhao Xuandi (昭宣帝), Li Chu (李柷), 905 – 907 AD

[General_Zhaoyun]

5 Dynasties (五代) [907 – 960 AD]



Later Liang (后梁) [907 – 923 AD]

Format: [Ruler’s title], [Ruler’s Name], [Period of Rule]

Emperor Taizu (太祖), Zhu Wen (朱温), 907 – 912 AD
Emperor Modi (末帝), Zhu Youzhen (朱友贞), 913 – 923 AD


Later Tang (后唐) [923 – 936 AD]

Format: [Ruler’s title], [Ruler’s Name], [Period of Rule]

Emperor Zhuangzong (庄宗), Li Cunxu (李存勗), 923 - 926 AD
Emperor Mingzong (明宗), Li Siyuan (李嗣源), 926 – 933 AD
Emperor Minzong (闵宗), Li Conghou (李从厚), 934 AD
Emperor Modi (末帝), Li Congke (李从珂), 934 – 936 AD


Later Jin (后晋) [936 – 947 AD]

Format: [Ruler’s title], [Ruler’s Name], [Period of Rule]

Emperor Gaozu (高祖), Shi Jingtang (石敬瑭), 936 – 942 AD
Emperor Chudi (出帝), Shi Chonggui (石重贵), 942 – 946 AD


Later Han (后汉) [947 – 950 AD]

Format: [Ruler’s title], [Ruler’s Name], [Period of Rule]

Emperor Gaozu (高祖), Liu Zhiyuan (刘知远), 947 – 948 AD
Emperor Yindi (隐帝), Liu Chengyou (刘承祐), 948 – 950 AD


Later Zhou (后周) [951-960 AD]

Format: [Ruler’s title], [Ruler’s Name], [Period of Rule]

Emperor Taizu (太祖), Guo Wei (郭威), 951 – 954 AD
Emperor Shizong (世宗), Chai Rong (柴荣), 954 – 959 AD
Emperor Gongdi (恭帝), Chai Zongxun (柴宗训), 959 – 960 AD

[General_Zhaoyun]

10 States (十国) [ 902- 979 AD]

Format: [State’s name], [Founder’s Name], [Kingdom’s existence period]

Wu (吴), Yang Xingmi (杨行密), 902 – 937 AD
Southern Tang (南唐), Li Bian (李昪), 937 - 975 AD
Wu Yue (吴越), Qian Liu (钱镠), 907 -978 AD
Chu (楚), Ma Yin (马殷), 907 – 951 AD
Min (闽), Wang Shenzhi (王审知), 909 – 945 AD
Southern Han (南汉), Liu Yan (刘岩), 917 – 971 AD
Previous Shu (前蜀), Wang Jian (王建), 903 – 925 AD
Later Shu (后蜀), Meng Zhixiang (孟知祥), 933 – 965 AD
Nan Ping (南平) or Jing Nan (荆南), Gao Xiuxing (高秀兴), 924 – 963 AD
Northern Han (北汉), Liu Chong (刘崇), 951 – 979 AD

For details on the emperors and rulers of the 10 states, please refer to
http://chinaknowledg...guo-rulers.html